Central retinal vein occlusion: causes and outcomes, a retrospective case-control study
Date
2019
Authors
Nomnqa, Fikiswa
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Abstract
Purpose: To identify the causes and outcomes of Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO).
Study design: A retrospective case-control study
Methods: Patients diagnosed with CRVO from January 2010 to December 2015 were compared to age and gender-matched controls. The risk factors were evaluated between the two groups, and the visual and structural outcomes were analysed in the study group.
Results: A total of 57 patients were enrolled in the study, 27 cases and 30 controls. The mean age in the CRVO group was 64years (SD 9 years), there were 17 females (62.9%) and 10 males (37.0%). There was no statistical difference between the two groups for hypertension (P = 0.579), glaucoma (P=0.411) diabetes (P = 0.379) by univariate analysis. The unaided visual acuity at presentation was CF in 62.9% of patients with CRVO. The final unaided visual acuity was 6/60 in 22.2%, and NLP in 18.5% of patients. The most common complication was cystoid macular edema (59%), vitreous haemorrhage (4%) and neovascular glaucoma (4%).
Conclusion: There was no statistical significance between our cases and controls for hypertension, glaucoma, and diabetes for the development of CRVO. The initial visual acuity was not predictive of the final visual outcome. Cystoid macula edema is the most common complication of CRVO. The mean age of patients with CRVO was lower than what is reported in the literature. We had more females with CRVO compared to males, contrary to other studies.
Description
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Science in Medicine in the branch of Ophthalmology
Johannesburg, 2019