Patient-related factors associated with glycaemic control in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients attending Daveyton main clinic in the Eastern sub-district of Ekurhuleni health district, Gauteng Province
Date
2016
Authors
Pabu, B
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Abstract
Introduction
The World Health Organisation (WHO) indicates that Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most
common endocrine disease in the world with the burden of the disease increasing.
Furthermore, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimates that about 400 million
people are living with DM. In South Africa the estimate is 2.7 million.
Aim
The aim of the study was to explore patient-related factors associated with glycaemic
control in T2DM patients attending Daveyton Main Clinic (DMC). The objectives were to
determine the socio-demographic characteristics, describe patient-related factors
associated with good and poor glycaemic control and factors associated with glycaemic
control in T2DM patients attending Daveyton Main Clinic.
Methodology
This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study of all T2DM patients attending the DMC for
at least a year, willing to participate in the study fromMarch to June 2015. A consecutive
sample of 200 T2DM patients was used. A convenience sampling method was used on a
first come first serve basis. A patient questionnaire was administered which included
socio-demographics, diabetes information, compliance, co-morbidities, complications,
global physical activities (GPAQ), depression screening questions (PHQ-2), blood
pressure, weight, height and blood collected for HBA1C.
Results
The results divided patients in two arms namely the good glycaemic control group and poor
glycaemic control arm for age range ≤ 65 years and above 65 years old. Thirty-six percent
(36 % n= 72) of participants had good glycaemic control. Significant findings associated
with good glycaemic control were advanced age mean of 65 years (p=0.001), formal
housing (p=0.020), employed or recipient of old age pensions (p=0.001), and not
statistically significant factors were chronic hypertension (p=0.056), normal weight
(p=0.056) and regular physical activities (p=0.059).Sixty-four percent (64 %, n=128) of participants had poor glycaemic control. Significant
findings associated with poor glycaemic control were younger age, mean of 55 years p=
0.001 and informal housing with p=0.020. Depressive symptoms, reported compliance, comorbidities,
and complications were not found to be associated with either good or poor
glycaemic control.
Conclusion and recommendations
The conclusion was that older patients who had a decent social economic status (formal
housing and earning an income) were more likely to have good glycaemic control
compared to younger patients. It is recommended that disease management efforts be
focused on younger T2DM patients, encourage diabetes support group meetings and
further study of depression and glycaemic control.
Description
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences,
University of the Witwatersrand
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
of
Master of Medicine in Family Medicine (MMed in Fam. Med)
Johannesburg, 2016