Abstract:
The relationship between cardiovascular disease and hearing loss has already been
proven. However literature does not provide information on the prevalence of
hearing loss in adults with cardiovascular disease. Previous studies provide
contradictory information regarding the audiological characteristics in this
population. Data relating to the South African context is minimal. The objectives
of this descriptive survey research study were to describe the prevalence of
hearing loss in adults with this cardiovascular disease and determine the variables
which may influence hearing thresholds in this population. Ninety two individuals
diagnosed with coronary artery disease or cardiomyopathy were recruited using a
non-probability, purposive sampling strategy. This sample, with an average age of
48 years and five months, consisted of more males than females and more
participants with coronary artery disease than cardiomyopathy. Participants
underwent a comprehensive audiological evaluation including an otoscopic
examination, immittance audiometry, pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry,
as well as distortion product otoacoustic emissions. Content analysis, descriptive
statistics, t-tests and an analysis of covariance revealed a hearing loss prevalence
of 5%. These participants presented with a low frequency sensorineural hearing
loss with the right ear being more affected. It was found that duration of
cardiovascular disease influenced hearing thresholds. Implications of this study
include the importance of prevention and early identification of hearing loss. This
highlights the need to establish the role of audiologists within a multi-disciplinary
team and the management of individuals with this disease.
