Strehlau, Renatevan Aswegen, TamrynPotterton, Joanne2024-10-092024-10-092018-04Strehlau, R., van Aswegen, T. & Potterton, J. Neurodevelopmental assessment of HIV-exposed uninfected and early-treated HIV-infected children: study protocol. BMC Res Notes 11, 235 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-018-3331-81756-0500 (online)10.1186/s13104-018-3331-8https://hdl.handle.net/10539/41464Objective: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest prevalence of children at risk of not achieving their developmental potential, attributable largely to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic coupled with negative environmental factors. Childhood developmental stimulation programmes can mitigate adverse outcomes. Methods: Neonates testing HIV positive at birth will be initiated on antiretroviral treatment (ART) and receive an age appropriate stimulation program, updated at 3 monthly intervals through the first year of life. Neurodevelopment at 12 months of age will be assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III). Outcomes will be compared with HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected children (HEU) not having received the stimulatory intervention. Associations between neurodevelopmental outcomes, environmental factors, and parental stress will be investigated. The study will take place at a single site in Johannesburg, South Africa. This non-randomised controlled intervention study, with a single non-blinded comparative intervention group, aims to investigate whether an early childhood stimulation programme used in conjunction with ART initiated at birth can positively impact neurodevelopmental outcomes at 1 year of age in children infected with HIV.en© The Author(s) 2018. Open Access, This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Early childhood developmentHIVEarly antiretroviral treatmentSDG-3: Good health and well-beingArticle