Melville Strip[ped] | I
Melville strip[ped]
Creating a School of Arts to rejuvenate 7th Street.
By Sebastian Gorner
1880785
School of Architecture & Planning
Unoversity of the Witwatersrand
Johannesburg, South Africa
Supervisor: Mr Christos Daskalakos
A research report proposal submitted to the Faculty of Engineering
and The Built Environment, University of The Witwatersrand in
partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of
Architecture (Professional)
Melville strip[ped]
Creating a School of Arts to rejuvenate 7th Street.
By Sebastian Görner 1880785
Melville Strip[ped] | III
I, Sebastian Görner (1880785) am a student registered for the degree
of Master of Architecture (Professional) in the academic year 2023. I
hereby declare the following:
I am aware that plagiarism (the use of someone else’s work without
their permission and/or without acknowledging the original source)
is wrong. I confirm that the work submitted for assessment for the
above degree is my own unaided work except where I have explicitly
indicated otherwise. I have followed the required conventions in refer-
encing the thoughts and ideas of others.
I understand that the University of the Witwatersrand may take dis-
ciplinary action against me if there is a belief that this is not my own
unaided work or that I have failed to acknowledge the source of the
ideas or words in my writing.
Signature: _______________________________
15 February 2024
DECLARATION
Melville Strip[ped] | IV
ABSTRACT
This research report is focused on the suburb of Melville,
Johannesburg. The issue of failing social and economic systems is
defined and a new intervention is proposed. This intervention is a
mixed-use development containing a School of Arts, Retail Spaces and
Apartment Units.
The report covers precedents and case studies for the proposed
intervenitons as well as similar design principles and areas within
South Africa and international examples.
As the site on 7th Street in Melville is the center point of this report,
an indepth analysis has been done to determine all asects that
influenced the design of the intervention.
The design process is directly linked to the research findings,
precedents and site analysis. After this the design development is
documented.
The final outcome of the research report is a completed building set
within Melvilles 7th Street as a method to turn the failing economy
around and to bring the community back together.
Melville Strip[ped] | V
TABLE OF CONTENT
10 PRECEDENTS 67
10.1 Institute for the Culinary Arts 68
10.2 Valladolid Art School 71
10.3 Axis Building 75
THEORY
11 DESIGN AND PROGRAMME 78
11.1 Design Brief 79
11.2 Programme 81
12 VIABILITY ANALYSIS 83
13 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 92
13.1 Design Factors 93
13.2 Process 94
13.3 Process - Chosen Layout 96
13.4 Massing and Layout 97
13.5 Design Process 98
14 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS 104
14.1 Construction Methods 106
14.2 Construction Details 108
14.3 Detail Diagrams 111
14.4 Sustainability 112
PART TWO
15 FINAL DESIGN 113
16 REFERENCES 121
PART ONE
01 INTRODUCTION 01
1.1 Melville | 7th Street 02
1.2 Methodology 04
02 MELVILLE 06
2.1 Melville Community 07
2.2 Crime and Safety 08
2.3 Inappropriate Spaces 09
03 CASE STUDIES 12
3.1 Parkhurst 13
3.2 Maboneng Precinct 17
04 URBAN DESIGN 20
4.1 Sidewalks 21
4.2 Landscape Architecture 23
4.3 Public Art 24
05 COMMUNITY BUSINESSES 25
06 EDUCATOIN FACILITIES 28
07 RESIDENTIAL DENSIFICATION 31
08 SKETCH CHARRETTE 34
8.1 Collage 35
8.2 3D Form Exploration 36
8.3 Material Exploration 38
8.4 Site 40
8.5 3D Building Exploration 41
8.6 Structure and Material 46
09 SITE ANALYSIS 47
Melville Strip[ped] | VI
CHAPTER 01
Figure 1.1.1 Melville Suburb (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 2023 2
Figure 1.1.2 Site in Melville - 7th Street between 2nd Ave & 3rd Ave (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 2023 2
Figure 1.1.3 Melville 7th Street between 2nd Ave & 3rd Ave ca. 2005, by Gauteng Film (n.d) 3
Figure 1.1.4 Melville 7th Street between 2nd Ave & 3rd Ave 2023, by Author 2023 3
CHAPTER 02
Figure 2.1.1 Sidewalk without People, by Author 2023 7
Figure 2.2.1 Minimal circulation space, by Author 2023 8
Figure 2.3.1 Three Empty Spaces, by Author 2023 10
CHAPTER 03
Figure 3.1.1 Parkhurst 4th Avenue, Streetside Restaurant, by Author 2023 14
Figure 3.1.2 Parkhurst 4th Avenue, Streetside Cafe, by Author 2023 15
Figure 3.1.3 Parkhurst 4th Avenue, Sidewalk, by Author 2023 15
Figure 3.1.4 Parkhurst 4th Avenue, Streetside Restaurant, by Author 2023 16
Figure 3.2.1 Maboneng Precinct, by TripAdvisor 2019 17
Figure 3.2.2 Invisible Boarder of Maboneng Precinct, by Author 2023 18
CHAPTER 04
Figure 4.1.1 Collage of Sidewalk obstacles, by Author 2023 21
Figure 4.3.1 Public Art-3rd Street, by Author 2023 24
CHAPTER 07
Figure 7.1 Melville Attractions Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 33
CHAPTER 08
Figure 8.1.1 Sketch Charrette - Collage, by Author 2023 35
Figure 8.2.1 Massing, by Author 2023 36
Figure 8.2.2 Massing, by Author 2023 36
LIST OF FIGURES
Melville Strip[ped] | VII
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 8.2.3 Massing, by Author 2023 36
Figure 8.2.4 Massing, by Author 2023 37
Figure 8.2.5 Massing, by Author 2023 37
Figure 8.2.6 Massing, by Author 2023 37
Figure 8.3.1 Masonry exploration, by Author 2023 38
Figure 8.3.2 Masonry exploration, by Author 2023 38
Figure 8.3.3 Masonry & Timber exploration, by Author 2023 38
Figure 8.3.4 Timber exploration, by Author 2023 38
Figure 8.3.5 Steel exploration, by Author 2023 38
Figure 8.3.6 Stone & Steel exploration, by Author 2023 38
Figure 8.3.7 Stone & Steel exploration, by Author 2023 39
Figure 8.3.8 Stone, Timber, Steel, Glass exploration, by Author 2023 39
Figure 8.3.9 Stone, Timber, Steel, Glass exploration, by Author 2023 39
Figure 8.3.10 Concrete & brick exploration, by Author 2023 39
Figure 8.3.11 Concrete & brick exploration, by Author 2023 39
Figure 8.4.1 Site Shading, by Author 2023 40
Figure 8.4.2 Site Shading, by Author 2023 40
Figure 8.4.3 Site Shading, by Author 2023 40
Figure 8.5.1 Site Massing, by Author 2023 41
Figure 8.5.2 Site Massing, by Author 2023 41
Figure 8.5.3 Site Massing, by Author 2023 41
Figure 8.5.4 Massing Sketch, by Author 2023 41
Figure 8.5.5 Site Massing, by Author 2023 42
Figure 8.5.6 Site Massing, by Author 2023 42
Melville Strip[ped] | VIII
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 8.5.7 Site Massing, by Author 2023 42
Figure 8.5.8 Massing Sketch, by Author 2023 42
Figure 8.5.9 Site Massing, by Author 2023 43
Figure 8.5.10 Site Massing, by Author 2023 43
Figure 8.5.11 Site Massing, by Author 2023 43
Figure 8.5.12 Massing Sketch, by Author 2023 43
Figure 8.5.13 Site Massing, by Author 2023 44
Figure 8.5.14 Site Massing, by Author 2023 44
Figure 8.5.15 Site Massing, by Author 2023 44
Figure 8.5.16 Massing Sketch, by Author 2023 44
Figure 8.5.17 Site Massing, by Author 2023 45
Figure 8.5.18 Site Massing, by Author 2023 45
Figure 8.5.19 Site Massing, by Author 2023 45
Figure 8.6.1 Structure Sketch, by Author 2023 46
Figure 8.6.2 Structure Sketch, by Author 2023 46
Figure 8.6.3 Structure Sketch, by Author 2023 46
CHAPTER 09
Figure 9.1 South Africa Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 48
Figure 9.2 Johannesburg Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 48
Figure 9.3 Melville Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 48
Figure 9.4 Melville Site Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 49
Figure 9.5 Melville Attractions Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 50
Figure 9.6 Melville Zoning Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 51
Figure 9.7 Melville Routes Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 52
Melville Strip[ped] | IX
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 9.8 Melville Cnr 4th Ave & 7th St ca. 1960, Johannesburg 1912 53
Figure 9.9 Melville 7th Street between 3rd Ave & 4th Ave ca. 2012, Tripadvisor 2012 53
Figure 9.10 Melville 7th Street between 2nd Ave & 3rd Ave ca. 2005, GautengFilm n.d 53
Figure 9.11 Melville Cnr 4th Ave & 7th St, by Author 2023 53
Figure 9.12 Melville 7th Street between 3rd Ave & 4th Ave, by Author 2023 53
Figure 9.13 Melville 7th Street between 2nd Ave & 3rd Ave, by Author 2023 53
Figure 9.14 Melville Usage Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 54
Figure 9.15 Melville Venues Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 55
Figure 9.16 Site Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 56
Figure 9.17 Site Vegetation Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 57
Figure 9.18 Site Activity Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 58
Figure 9.19 Site Sidewalk Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 59
Figure 9.20 Sidewalk, by Author 2023 59
Figure 9.21 Sidewalk, by Author 2023 59
Figure 9.22 Sidewalk, by Author 2023 59
Figure 9.23 Site Contour Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 60
Figure 9.24 Site Building Use Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 61
Figure 9.25 Site Photo, by Author 2023 62
Figure 9.26 Site Photo, by Author 2023 62
Figure 9.27 Site Photo, by Author 2023 62
Figure 9.28 Site Photo, by Author 2023 62
Figure 9.29 Site Photo, by Author 2023 62
Figure 9.30 Site Photo, by Author 2023 62
Figure 9.31 Site Photo, by Author 2023 62
Melville Strip[ped] | X
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 9.32 Site Buildings Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 63
Figure 9.33 Site Climate Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 64
Figure 9.34 Site Climate Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 65
CHAPTER 10
Figure 10.1.1 Institute for the Culinary Arts (ArchDaily,2011) 68
Figure 10.1.2 Second Floor Plan (ArchDaily, 2011) 69
Figure 10.1.3 Institute for the Culinary Arts (ArchDaily, 2011) Edited by Author 70
Figure 10.1.4 Facility Ratio, By Author, 2023 70
Figure 10.2.1 External Facade Valladolid Art School (ArchDaily, 2023) 71
Figure 10.2.2 First Floor Plan (ArchDaily, 2023) 72
Figure 10.2.3 Second Floor Plan (ArchDaily, 2023) 72
Figure 10.2.4 Section showing Natural Lighting (ArchDaily, 2023), Edited by Author 73
Figure 10.2.5 Courtyard Facade Valladolid Art School (ArchDaily, 2023) 74
Figure 10.2.6 Facility Ratio, By Author, 2023 74
Figure 10.3.1 Axis by dhk Architects (Gleich,2019) 75
Figure 10.3.2 Perspective of courtyard (Gleich, 2019), Edited by Author 75
Figure 10.3.3 Axis Ground Floor Plan (ArchDaily,2019) 76
Figure 10.3.4 Axis First Floor Plan (ArchDaily,2019) 76
Figure 10.3.5 Axis Section, By Author, 2023 77
Figure 10.3.6 Facility Ratio, By Author, 2023 77
CHAPTER 11
Figure 11.1.1 Design Principles - by Author, 2023 80
Figure 11.2.1 Programming diagram - by Author, 2023 81
Figure 11.2.2 Programming diagram - by Author, 2023 81
Melville Strip[ped] | XI
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 11.2.3 Programming diagram - by Author, 2023 81
Figure 11.2.4 Programming diagram - by Author, 2023 81
CHAPTER 12
Figure 12.1 Site Map - by Author, 2023 84
CHAPTER 13
Figure 13.1.1 Layout Sketch 01 - by Author, 2023 94
Figure 13.1.2 Layout Sketch 02 - by Author, 2023 94
Figure 13.1.3 Layout Sketch 03 - by Author, 2023 95
Figure 13.2.1 Chosen Layout Sketches - by Author, 2023 96
Figure 13.3.1 Massing Diagram - by Author, 2023 97
Figure 13.4.1 Site Plan - by Author, 2023 98
Figure 13.4.2 Ground Floor Plan - by Author, 2023 99
Figure 13.4.3 First Floor Plan - by Author, 2023 100
Figure 13.4.4 Second Floor Plan - by Author, 2023 100
Figure 13.4.5 Planning Sketch 01 - by Author, 2023 101
Figure 13.4.6 Planning Sketch 02 - by Author, 2023 101
Figure 13.4.7 Artistic Impression (North-West) - by Author, 2023 102
Figure 13.4.8 Artistic Impression (South-West) - by Author, 2023 102
Figure 13.4.9 Urban Design - Current - by Author, 2023 103
Figure 13.4.10 Urban Design - Proposed - by Author, 2023 103
CHAPTER 14
Figure 14.1 Artistic Impression - Facade - by Author, 2023 105
Figure 14.1.1 Structural System - by Author, 2023 106
Figure 14.1.2 Construction Materials (Plastered Brick & IBR Sheeting) - by Author, 2023 107
Melville Strip[ped] | XII
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 14.2.1 Longitudinal Section - by Author, 2023 108
Figure 14.2.2 Detail Section - by Author, 2023 109
Figure 14.2.3 Detail 01 - by Author, 2023 110
Figure 14.2.4 Detail 02 - by Author, 2023 110
Figure 14.3.1 Trellis Sketch - by Author, 2023 111
Figure 14.3.2 Stone Sketch - by Author, 2023 111
Figure 14.3.3 Planter Sketch - by Author, 2023 111
Figure 14.3.4 Window Sketch - by Author, 2023 111
Figure 14.4.1 Artistic Impression - Sustainability - By Author, 2023 112
CHAPTER 15
Figure 15.1 Locality Map, by Author 2023 114
Figure 15.2 Proposed Design 3d Render, by Author 2023 114
Figure 15.3 1:500 Site Plan, by Author 2023 114
Figure 15.4 South-West View 3D Render, by Author 2023 115
Figure 15.5 West View 3D Render, by Author 2023 115
Figure 15.6 North-West View 3D Render, by Author 2023 115
Figure 15.7 1:200 Ground Floor Plan, by Author 2023 115
Figure 15.8 1:200 First Floor Plan, by Author 2023 116
Figure 15.9 1:200 Second Floor Plan, by Author 2023 116
Figure 15.10 Courtyard View 01 3D Render, by Author 2023 116
Figure 15.11 Courtyard View 02 3D Render, by Author 2023 116
Figure 15.12 Rooftop Terrace View 3D Render, by Author 2023 116
Figure 15.13 North-West View Day 3D Render, by Author 2023 117
Figure 15.14 North-West View Night 3D Render, by Author 2023 117
Melville Strip[ped] | XIII
Figure 15.15 North View 3D Render, by Author 2023 117
Figure 15.16 1:200 Basement Plan, by Author 2023 117
Figure 15.17 Trellis Sketch, by Author 2023 117
Figure 15.18 Stone Sketch, by Author 2023 117
Figure 15.19 Planter Sketch, by Author 2023 117
Figure 15.20 1:200 Section 01, by Author 2023 118
Figure 15.21 1:200 Section 02, by Author 2023 118
Figure 15.22 1:200 Section 03, by Author 2023 118
Figure 15.23 1:500 Use Diagram, by Author 2023 118
Figure 15.24 Summer Sun Diagrams, by Author 2023 118
Figure 15.25 Winter Sun Diagrams, by Author 2023 118
Figure 15.26 1:200 North Elevation, by Author 2023 119
Figure 15.27 1:200 East Elevation, by Author 2023 119
Figure 15.28 1:200 West Elevation, by Author 2023 119
Figure 15.29 South View 3D Render, by Author 2023 119
Figure 15.30 South-East View 3D Render, by Author 2023 119
Figure 15.31 Courtyard Entrance View 3D Render, by Author 2023 119
Figure 15.32 1:10 Construction Detail 01, by Author 2023 120
Figure 15.33 1:10 Construction Detail 02, by Author 2023 120
Figure 15.34 1:50 Construction Roof Plan, by Author 2023 120
Figure 15.35 Construction Detail Section, by Author 2023 120
LIST OF FIGURES
Melville Strip[ped] | 1
CHAPTER 01
INTRODUCTION
Melville Strip[ped] | 2
Melville is one of the oldest suburbs of Johannesburg, South Africa. It
was officially founded by Edward Harker Vincent Melvill, after whom
it was named, in 1896 (Mashishi, 2018). It is well known for its small,
older houses situated on small stands. It is equally well known for its
tight knit community and its popular attraction of 7th Street, or “The
Strip” as it is commonly known. This road is set up in a High-Street
type of way with cafes, stores, and restaurant along the sidewalks.
For these reasons it was named one of the “12th coolest street in the
world” by Time Out Magazine in 2021 (SAPeople, 2021).
Problem:
This much-loved suburb has however, over the last several years,
seen a major economic, and social, decline. Specifically, the popular
7th Street is not what it once was. Many of the popular venues have
closed down, leaving behind rows of closed off shopfronts. While it is
common knowledge that “The Strip” tends to go through economic
1.1 Melville | 7th Street
Figure 1.1.1 (above) Melville Suburb (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author 2023
Figure 1.1.2 Site in Melville - 7th Street between 2nd Ave & 3rd Ave(Google Earth, 2022),
Edited by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 3
cycles, this particular downward turn can be
attributed to two major events. The first of
these events was the unfortunate New Year’s
Eve shooting which occurred outside of a
restaurant in 2019 (Karrim, 2020), resulting
in the death of two people. This brought a
wave of fear among Melville residents as well
as visitors to the area and the restaurant,
Poppy’s, was also forced to move to escape
this tragic event.
The second of these events was the infamous
Covid-19 pandemic. In March of 2020
residents were ordered to remain at home
resulting in sudden and large scale failures
among local businesses (Naik, 2020). Many of
the restaurants had to close their doors for
good as they could no longer afford to remain
open and were never able to recover. Similar
situations happened with cafes and retail stores.
This economic crash had several negative
impacts to the once popular Melville attraction.
For one, landlords became desperate to rent out
their spaces and accepted new tenants which
opened pubs and clubs. These were primarily
shut during the day, resulting in less foot traffic,
and caused major noise and disruptions during
the night (Mahapa, 2016). Furthermore, the
crime rate increased dramatically. Opportunistic
thefts started occurring increasingly (Bain,
2022) with motor vehicle thefts topping the list.
Figure 1.1.3 (above) Melville 7th Street between 2nd Ave & 3rd
Ave ca. 2005, by Gauteng Film (n.d)
Figure 1.1.4 Melville 7th Street between 2nd Ave & 3rd Ave
2023, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 4
This was a major deterrent for visitors as there is no safe parking
within the area and patrons are therefore forced to park along the
roads. These shortfalls that have arisen over the past several years
have had more dramatic effects on 7th Street than anything that has
caused a downward cycle before. The question “what architectural
intervention can turn this cycle around and prevent it from occuring
again” arises and will be answered in this report to bring “The Strip”
back to its former glory.
Solution:
This Research Report will aim to investigate the above-mentioned
factors of crime and the closure of spaces as well as many other
aspects that have caused this extreme economic decline in 7th Street.
The current architectural aspects of the street will also be investigaed
and researched to create a thorough understanding of the street and
the effects that the existing buildings have on the pedestrian usage.
The architectural issues as well as other influences
will be examined together to establish the perfect intervention on the
street. More specifically, one portion of the street will be redesigned,
which will aim to act as a catalyst and an encouragement of other
spaces along 7th Street to do the same.
Through the adaptation and reuse of existing structures, as well as
with the addition of new spaces a mixed-use venue, predominantly
containing a School of Art together with residential units and retail
spaces, will aim to rejuvenate the street restoring it to its former glory
and simultaneously introduce something completely new to ensure
the street will remain sustainable in the future.
As the end goal of this Research Report is to create a multi-use
precinct, containing a School of Art, some retail and restaurant
1.2 Methodology
Melville Strip[ped] | 5
spaces as well as residential units, there have been several different
methods of investigation and research.
Firstly, an intense and very comprehensive desktop study has been
done to fully understand all aspects of the current porblem and site.
This desktop study included readings of local newspaper articles, a
number of theses and dissertations that cover the above-mentioned
fields, as well as case studies of similar existing scenarios and
interventions that have been either successful or unsuccessful. These
provided an indication into the relationship of residents and visitors to
High-Street like locations.
Through thorough observation, including sketching and
photographing, a clear understanding of the site was gained. This was
an invaluable component of the research as it provided clear insight
into ways in which the site is currently used, and by who it is currently
used. Furthermore, it indicated when the site was most active and
when not, both in terms of pedestrian activity and vehicular activity.
In addition to this the quietest spots and the busiest spots have been
examined and compared to gain an understanding of the site. These
findings influenced the design of the proposed intervention to ensure
a successful building for community use was created.
Following this, several precedent studies of interventions that are
similar to the proposed have been carefully investigated. These
gave clear inputs and details into the requirements of the proposed
spaces as well as provide insights into additional spaces that had not
previously been considered.
Melville Strip[ped] | 6
CHAPTER 02
MELVILLE
Melville Strip[ped] | 7
the 7th Street scene, they visited the venues and some even worked
there.
In addition to this the area is also heavily dependent on tourism (Naik,
2020). Both national and international visitors frequented Melville’s
7th Street, as well as the variety of
guest houses in the area, ensuring a
steady and reliable economic income.
This too has decreased however, due
to the above-mentioned security
concerns and dwindling street activity.
In order to combat these, the already
tight knit community, has come
together to fight against crime,
through the introduction of private
security initiatives, as well as to
fight illegal developments which
The community of Melville is one of the suburb’s most notable
characteristics. The residents of Melville are very well known for their
supportive and cohesive ways. Melville is around 172 hectares in size
and has an overall population of 3 355 people (Firth, 2011a). This
number is condensed into a household size of 1 608, indicating that
the majority of household are only made up of two people. This is
further supported by the fact that there is an almost equal number
of men and women. Furthermore the average age of residents ranges
from 20 years to 44 years of age, with very few children having been
recorded (Firth, 2011a).
The residents of Melville tend to fall more on the artistic and creative
side, and they pride themselves “on their individualism” (Zyl, 2013)
and their Bohemian-like lifestyle. Along these lines Melville is also
known for being extremely welcoming with a youthful charm and
diverse residents (Cox, 2021). These residents were therefore part of
2.1 Melville Community
Figure 2.1.1 - Sidewalk without People, by
Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 8
are aimed solely at making profits by individuals without taking into
account the heritage and the character of the area (Cox, 2021). They
have also tried to create income opportunities for other residents
through the introduction of a small Saturday Farmer Market,
where residents are urged to sell their home-made products. This
additionally also enhances the community relationship and creates a
space for fun and bonding.
While Melville, and more specifically 7th Street, are iconic for their
restaurants and artisan cafes and stores, they are equally well known
for the crimes being committed. 7th Street in particular has been
growingly plagued by crime (Ramela, 2021). This is predominantly due
to the spacial design and architectural characteristics of the street.
2.2 Crime and Safety
Figure 2.2.1 Minimal circulation space,
The sidewalks are fairly narrow, measuring a mere 2.4 meters. This
makes it uncomfortable for pedestrians to pass by one another, and
it is made worse by some restaurants placing tables and chairs onto
the side walks or stores displaying
products. This creates opportunities
for criminals to snatch smaller
valuables from pedestrians, especially
those sitting at outdoor restaurant
tables. Cell phone, Handbag and
laptop snatchings are one of the
most common crimes reported along
7th Street (Bain, 2022). The lack of
dedicated parking lots or official
parking guards has also resulted in
car thefts, as motor vehicles need to be parked along the sides of the
main road, namely 7th Street, or along the adjoining smaller and
Melville Strip[ped] | 9
unpatrolled roads. Through observations it has also become evident
that opportunistic individuals try to earn money as car guards but
are also trying to sell pedestrians various types of drugs. This results
in pedestrians feeling even more uncomfortable and more unsafe,
reducing the chances of them returning to “The Strip”.
Homeless people have also started sleeping under the iconic 7th Street
canopies, in front of empty and disused shops. This again adds to the
uncomfortable sensation felt by pedestrians as they try and avoid
their personal belongings and beggars. The above-mentioned tight
knit community has tried to relocate many of these homeless people
to shelters in an attempt of “not letting Melville become Hellville”
(Cox, 2021) by rejuvenating it.
Through the above research and observations, it becomes clear that
there is a dire need for serious security intervention. This can partially
be achieved by better architectural design decisions, especially when it
comes to store fronts and sidewalks. A better solution is also required
when it comes to vehicular parking, through the possible addition of
parking lots or official parking guards. While the local community has
gotten the “Brixton police [to] commit to improving service delivery
to [the] precinct” (Bain, 2023), no improvements have yet been
recorded.
When scrolling through the Melville residents Facebook group “I Love
Melville”, a common trend becomes evident: that being the complaints
about venues and spaces currently located along 7th Street. During
the 2020 and 2021 national lockdown regulations, the majority of
restaurants and cafes along 7th Street were not allowed to operate
as normal, limitations were introduced to opening times and venue
capacity, drastically reducing the income and profitability for these
2.3 Inappropriate Spaces
Melville Strip[ped] | 10
restaurants (Naik, 2020). 7th Street had several iconic restaurants
such as Pablo EggsGo-Bar and Ba-Pita which were not able to reopen
after the Covid-19 pandemic had eased (Ramela, 2021). These were
not the only spaces to permanently shut their doors which led to a
multitude of shops and restaurants standing empty. Landlords were
therefore becoming desperate to rent their spaces out, which led to
them accepting almost any type of new business. As a result of this
several bars, clubs and pubs have opened along 7th Street. While there
were already a few of these venues, like the popular Ratz bar, the
addition of more has drastically changed the feel and use of
Figure 2.3.1 Three Empty Spaces, by Author 2023
“The Strip”. Pubs and clubs are generally open during the late hours of
the day and closed during the day. This, along with many permanently
closed stores significantly reduces the foot traffic in 7th Street and
equally reduces the number of visitors coming from further away.
The knock-on affect of this is that stores, restaurants, and cafes
experience lower visits. This means the creative and Bohemian
Melville community has less attractions to visit which starts to
separate the community.
Further downsides of pubs and clubs are the extreme levels of noise
that they emit, residents living in close proximity to 7th street regularly
complain about the noise that keeps them awake until the late hours
of the night (Mahapa et al., 2017). The reported noise stems both
from loud music emitting from the venues but also from loud patrons
that tend to gather outside of these venues as well.
It therefore becomes vital that any intervention on 7th Street carefully
considers the types of venues that will be included. The architectural
Melville Strip[ped] | 11
design must also consider the use of proposed venues as well as any
potential future venues to ensure the community is not neglected as it
is currently.
Melville Strip[ped] | 12
CHAPTER 03
CASE STUDIES
Melville Strip[ped] | 13
Parkhurst is a suburb located within the centre of Johannesburg. This
small suburb is perhaps one of the most important suburbs to study
in comparison to Melville. It is located around 5km further North of
Melville (“Google Maps,” 2023) and shares many characteristics with
the suburb that is at the centre of this Research Report. Parkhurst
was established just a few years after Melville, in 1904 and is slightly
smaller at 164 hectares (Firth, 2011b). Property sizes are equally
comparable at around 500m2 with similar small houses, which are
predominantly inhabited by only two people (Monare, 2014) as is
the case in Melville. They both also have very similar High-Streets,
Melville’s above-mentioned 7th Street and Parkhurst has 4th Avenue.
One would imagine therefore, that life in these two suburbs would be
alike, however that is not the case.
Parkhurst has become a lot more upmarket than Melville, because it is
further away from major routes and economical hubs. When
comparing the average housing prices, Parkhurst has averaged out
at around R 3 000 000.00 (“Parkhurst Property Trends,” 2023)
while Melville sits at a rather low R 1 600 000.00 (“Melville Property
Trends,” 2023). This shows that Parkhurst is much more appealing to
upper class residents (Monare, 2014) while Melville is more popular
among the middle to upper class population.
The same difference can be seen when looking at the suburbs’
major attractions of 7th Street and 4th Avenue. While both contain
restaurants, retail stores and pubs, 4th Avenue seems to be a lot more
successful. There are very few closed stores, and all of the venues
are open during the day, ensuring plenty of foot traffic. Only a few
venues are open at night; a few restaurants and two pubs (which are
also positioned at the end of the street, as far away from residential
properties as possible). The success of the suburb and the success of
the street go hand in hand, and it becomes evident that a successful
3.1 Parkhurst
Melville Strip[ped] | 14
attraction, in this case in the form of a High-Street will attract more
income into the area.
4th Avenue is still a success even though it experiences some of the
same negative aspects as Melville’s 7th Street, those being limited
parking and fairly high crime rates (Monare, 2014). The difference
being that wider road reserves were present from the beginning,
resulting in dedicated street side parking as part of the urban design
(Kotzé et al., 2014). Secondly, by having a high presence of private
security and official parking guards patrolling the street. This proves
that by including smart design and safety consideration, the entire
street and also the neighbourhood can be uplifted and unified, as
more of the population will be attracted to the area, for both living in
and visiting for pleasure resulting in a boosted economy.
Figure 3.1.1 portrays an excellent example of how a restaurant can
successfully interact with the street. In this case the restaurant itself
is set back from the sidewalk allowing enough space for outdoor
seating, which is also covered, as well as providing a sidewalk space
that is wide enough for pedestrians to comfortably pass by without
having to step into the street which is not the case in Melville’s 7th
Street.
Figure 3.1.1 Parkhurst 4th Avenue Streetside Restaurant, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 15
The photograph above (figure 3.1.2) is another example of a smaller
scale outdoor seating area at a café in 4th Avenue, Parkhurst. While
this sidewalk is noticeably smaller than the one shown in figure 3.1.1,
there is still ample manoeuvrable space alongside the narrow line of
tables and chairs. This ensures that patrons who wish to be seated
outside have the opportunity to do so without impeding pedestrians.
While this was an option to be considered in the proposed
intervention on Melville’s 7th Street, it was not the best method to
create outdoor seating spaces as it limits the amount of tables and
chairs that can be placed on the sidewalk in order to maintain a
comfortable pedestrian walk space.
Figure 3.1.2 Parkhurst 4th Avenue, Streetside Cafe, by Author 2023
Figure 3.1.3 Parkhurst 4th Avenue, Sidewalk, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 16
Melville’s 7th Street. When examining shopfronts that face the road in 4th Avenue, it
becomes evident that a narrow sidewalk cannot be used for any form
of outdoor seating or retail displays, as the space for walking would be
too narrow for pedestrians to be able to pass one another. This can be
seen in figure 3.1.3. A sidewalk of this nature would only be useable if
the spaces are used for retail or office spaces without the need of any
displays on the sidewalk.
A final example of a streetside restaurant with outdoor seating can
be seen in figure 3.1.4. This restaurant as a large, covered outdoor
seating area that is set back from the street. Through the use of
planters an indirect boundary is formed and demarcates the space
used for the restaurant as well as the remainder of the sidewalk that
caters for pedestrians. This is a successful intervention as it caters for
comfortable use by both pedestrians and patrons. Similar methods as
this were considered and included in the proposed School of Arts in
Figure 3.1.4 Parkhurst 4th Avenue, Streetside Restaurant, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 17
3.2 Maboneng
Figure 3.2.1 Maboneng Precinct, by TripAdvisor 2019
The Maboneng Precinct is a part of the Johannesburg Inner City.
It has undergone extensive gentrification and redevelopment from
the late 2000s (Goo, 2017). What started out as a commercial
and industrial area in the mid to late 1900s became a derelict and
abandoned housing solution for Johannesburg’s low-income
population. In 2008 the property developer Jonathan Liebmann
purchased several run-down buildings and turned these into mixed
use developments containing predominantly residential units as well
as restaurant and retail spaces. This is a similar intervention as is
proposed in this Research Report for Melville’s 7th Street.
This intervention, similar to 4th Avenue in Parkhurst, appears to be a
great success, as many new residents have moved into the area, and the
economy has grown as new shops and businesses open. A community
market was also introduced which is the same sort of community led
intervention as the market that is held in Melville. However, when
examining this intervention with an open mind, it becomes clear that
a great deal of this project has been the exact opposite of a success.
The original plan was to “create an integrated community and mixed-
income neighbourhood” (Goo, 2017) but this was not achieved.
Melville Strip[ped] | 18
The primary failure around the Maboneng
Precinct project is the alienation of its former
residents and the residents of surrounding
suburbs. Through the costly development
of the area, property prices soared which
meant previous residents were no longer
able to afford to live there (Gregory, 2016)
and had to move to other low-cost areas.
People living in surrounding suburbs also do
not feel comfortable visiting the Precinct as
they cannot afford to visit any of the stores
or restaurants. This results in the developer
needing to fill the residential and commercial
units with people coming from higher-income
areas, which proves to be difficult as Central
Johannesburg has a bad reputation in terms of crime and
maintenance. This indicates that market
related research was not properly considered,
or that the outcomes were misjudged. It was a
crucial lesson for the mixed-use precinct being
proposed for 7th Street.
Some successful aspects of the Maboneng
Precinct are the overall design, which focused
on turning the development outwards towards
the street, rather than creating enclosed centres
(Goo, 2017). This is the same principle that has
been implemented, and will be maintained in
the proposal, in Melville. A further important
strategy that was implemented was the
introduction of permanent security guards in
the area, to ensure residents and visitors remain
safe. This did however have an unexpected side effect; neighbouring
Figure 3.2.2 Invisible Boarder of Maboneng Precinct - By
Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 19
neighbouring communities saw this as an invisible boundary (Goo,
2017) and no longer felt comfortable crossing it, which means the
intervention of security had to be carefully considered to prevent
a similar situation happening within 7th Street, as there are lower-
income areas close to this suburb as well.
Melville Strip[ped] | 20
The Maboneng Precinct is a part of the Johannesburg Inner City.
It has undergone extensive gentrification and redevelopment from
the late 2000s (Goo, 2017). What started out as a commercial
and industrial area in the mid to late 1900s became a derelict and
abandoned housing solution for Johannesburg’s low-income
CHAPTER 04
URBAN DESIGN
Melville Strip[ped] | 21
As previously mentioned, the sidewalk
play a major role in a High-Street scenario
such as Melville’s 7th Street. Seeing as
all of the existing commercial places
face the street it becomes clear that 7th
Street’s success is largely dependent on
pedestrians and high volumes of foot
traffic. It should have therefore been
designed to cater for this accordingly.
This was not done however, the sidewalks
are only 2.4 meters wide and contain
many obstacles such as trash cans,
columns, irregular paving, and items
from the stores such as product displays
or tables and chairs. This issue is not solely one in Melville, it is a
common notion that “pedestrians have often been neglected
in the design […] of road networks”
(Naicker and Sinclair, 2022), which
sidewalks fall under. A small study
completed by Naicker and Sinclair in
2022 focused on the effectiveness of
sidewalks. They studied areas where
sidewalks had been redesigned and
reconstructed to address similar issues
as those in Melville. The study proved
that the sidewalks were utilized much
more than they had been previously
(Naicker and Sinclair, 2022). This also
increased safety for pedestrians as they
were not forced to walk in the road or
along the roadside, which poses several risks of either getting injured
by cars or falling victim of thefts.
4.1 Sidewalks
Figure 4.1.1 Collage of Sidewalk obstacles, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 22
Children of Fire” (“Children of Fire,” n.d.) is located on the Melville
and Auckland Park border. Many of the children and adults living in
this home have decreased abilities when it comes to sight, hearing,
and mobility. This is one example of a group of people that had
to be considered in the redesign of the sidewalk in the proposed
intervention, as current sidewalks contain the above-mentioned
obstacles and also have large steps along the roadside.
The sidewalk design and urban design strategies directly impact the
built environment around it (Cai and Wang, 2009). This aspect was a
major consideration in the design of the proposed intervention on 7th
Street. A sense of psychological and physical safety had to be created
within the urban re-design of the street, to ensure that pedestrians as
well as patrons to the site felt comfortable and were at no risk of any
injuries or thefts. As mentioned above one of the greatest strategies
in this regard is ample space along the sidewalks. It is equally
important to consider alternative uses of the sidewalk space as it may
Further aspects that proved to be important in the design of
sidewalks was the relationship between greenery, visibility of sky and
bordering buildings (Joo Lee et al., 2009). Design research focusing
on this topic proved that a successful sidewalk designed, naturally,
consisted of ample space for circulation. However second to this it was
preferred by pedestrians to have a large amount of greenery along the
sidewalks, as this is more “harmonious” (Joo Lee et al., 2009). This
was more important than being able to see a large amount of sky.
Especially along “The Strip” in Melville it became vital to add more
greenery, especially along the sidewalks as these areas were almost
completely bare and comprised only of hard surfaces.
Further considerations that seem to have been overlooked is the
inclusion of all residents. “people with different characteristics live
together and each group has its own needs” (Aghaabbasi et al., 2017),
meaning that there are residents in Melville, as well as visitors and
tourists, who are differently abled. A well known charity organisation
Melville Strip[ped] | 23
be used for restaurant or café seating or retail displays.
The final major factor that was considered was that of street
crossings. There are few traffic circles or traffic lights along 7th street
allowing cars to speed along the road. This makes crossing difficult for
pedestrians. While the sidewalks were being considered in the design
this aspect was included in the urban design of the street as well as
a solution had to be found to slow down cars and to create a safe
crossing point for pedestrians.
As discussed in the previous section, Melville’s 7th Street is severely
lacking. One of the driving factors of the proposed intervention of a
Mixed-Use Precinct was the focus on- and implementation of a strong
landscape design strategy. Because the proposed intervention,
4.2 Landscape Architecture
similarly to the current design and layout of 7th Street, will be
focused outwards and focused on pedestrians, the surrounding
landscape needs to be both suitably and functionally designed but
also need to be a memorable space that can act as a landmark in
Melville and will therefore attract more people. The design of the
landscape should also consider one of Melville’s most known natural
landmarks, The Melville Koppies. This paired with the desire to include
more vegetation along the sidewalks as well as in the site, because
“places which include nature [...] or water […] have been found to be
particularly conducive” (Thwaites, 2001). This also aids people to feel
more comfortable and familiar around the site.
Clever landscape design can also achieve a type of zoning within the
site. The space can be given several different functions in different
spaces and can be divided by landscaped elements such as a change
of materials and design, rather than hard divisions such as walls and
fences. Furthermore, the landscape of the proposed building acts as a
Melville Strip[ped] | 24
transition from the completely public street to the semi-private
interior programme of the building (Thwaites, 2001).
Public art inclusion can work in a similar way as landscape design
as it attracts visitors to the site while also serving as a landmark.
The City of Johannesburg has previously used public art in several
different areas as a method to rejuvenate urban spaces (Harrison and
Phasha, 2014). The inner city has been decorated with statues, such
as the Eland in Braamfontein, which is one of the most iconic urban
decorations within Johannesburg (Harrison and Phasha, 2014), as
well as large murals on facades of large buildings. This is a creative
tool that can be used to include the diverse community of Melville in
the rejuvenation project on 7th Street. There are many examples of
urban art, albeit illegal and not commissioned examples, within
4.3 Public Art
the neighbourhood. The most prominent is examples of graffiti
murals. As the proposed intervention also contains a School of Art, it
would make sense for the building and its landscape to represent this
in forms of public art. Not only do these act as landmarks and serve to
beautify the area, they also bring the community together as they can
decide on the art together and it can be regularly changed to keep the
interest in the area high.
Figure 4.3.1 Public Art-3rd Street, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 25
CHAPTER 05
COMMUNITY BUSINESSES
Melville Strip[ped] | 26
Businesses within communities are vital for economic sustainability
(Miller et al., 2010) in any area, with the suburb of Melville being
extremely dependant on them. As there are many spaces from which
businesses are run, or empty spaces where businesses can be run
from, the suburbs and its residents are heavily dependant on the
success of local businesses. The popular attraction of 7th Street is
not the only spot in the suburb that contains businesses. There are
several different centres, such as 27 Boxes, an unsuccessful spot
built out of containers as stores, as well as The Service Station which
contains a bookshop, coffee shop and salon, these are just to name
a few. Another trend becoming evident in Melville is that more and
more residents are working from their home, and even turning the
entire house or a portion of it into a business space.
One last business intervention that is important to note is the Melville
Farmers Market which takes place every Saturday along the side of
the Melville tennis courts (Cox, 2021). This is a community initiative
where residents can set up a makeshift stand and sell their home
made or self-sourced goods. The aim is that residents can either earn
their income through this market, as they form business relations
with the community, or that they supplement their income, as many
individuals in today’s economy struggle to live off of their salaries.
This Market was a major influence for the proposed Mixed-Use
development along “The Strip”, as the aim was to include this market,
and expand on it, in a more permanent and structured manor. The idea
was to create a permanent space for individuals to sell their goods, be
it on a daily basis or at times of their choosing.
Further parts of the proposed intervention will also be aimed at
included small community businesses as a way to boost Melville’s
overall economy. It was important to also take into consideration that
it has become a necessity to create organisations and businesses that
function in socially and environmentally responsible ways (Arko-
Achemfuor and Dzansi, 2015). This does not only mean using active
Melville Strip[ped] | 27
design to reduce emissions through methods such as solar generated
power, it also means that these businesses, or at the very least
the development itself, focus on interacting and giving back to the
community. Funds earned from these businesses or from the letting
out of spaces can be used to assist in helping the needy through ideas
such as food programmes. Alternatively, the effort can be made to
employ the local struggling community within the intervention, as
is already being one by the U-Turn Homeless Ministries (Sikhungo,
2023), which recently opened a branch in Melville and provides
employment to homeless people.
While the above-mentioned community interventions do not directly
reflect in the proposed design of the intervention, it is an important
factor to consider and to include in the overall planning and execution
of the new development in 7th Street, to ensure that the community
can remain as tight-knit and resilient as they are known to be.
Melville Strip[ped] | 28
CHAPTER 06
EDUCATION FACILITIES
Melville Strip[ped] | 29
To unlock the creative power of older adults through
community-based art education. In addition to
physical, social, and psychological benefits, art
knowledge, and art skills, transformative learning
empowers individuals to explore and analyze
themselves and engage with their community through
both traditional and non-traditional visual art forms
and experiences. (Lawton and La Porte, 2013)
The biggest component of the proposed intervention on Melville’s 7th
Street, as mentioned above, is the inclusion of a School of Arts. The
aim of this school is to provide short term classes and courses for
all members of the Melville community as well as for anyone coming
from further away. It is a well known notion that art schools within
communities are an important contribution (Roberts, 1989). This can
act as a steppingstone to improved skills to enable members to form a
career out of the training, or to just serve people with corresponding
interests who would like to improve their general skills or would like to
learn something new.
Through this intervention the economy of Melville and especially 7th
Street would be significantly boosted. The surrounding spaces such as
stores, and restaurant will experience more foot traffic as more people
will be visiting the street. The School of Art was designed to contain
three different categories, namely a fashion design school, a culinary
school, and an art school, this combination of different fields in the
overall artistic category is more and more popular in modern Schools
of Art (Hazelkorn, 2005). Each of these schools were additionally
designed to work in conjunction with a retail store, a restaurant, and a
gallery respectively.
An art school in particular is known to be an excellent activity,
especially amongst the adult population, as there are many
“therapeutic and educational aspects of art and art education”
(Lawton and La Porte, 2013). Furthermore, it provides opportunities
Melville Strip[ped] | 30
of the restaurant that adjoins the culinary school as well as the retail
store that is partnered with the fashion design school.
for older members of the community to interact with the younger
members, forming relationships that further Melville’s image of a
close community. Art schools have also become popular among the
older adult generations. Many of them have either been childless
couples or have had children leaving the homes, sparking the desire to
learn new skills or to experience new things. A large portion, around
25%, of Melville’s population is between the ages of 45 and 70 (Firth,
2011a), making them key targets for the proposed intervention.
Not only does the school serve to improves people’s skill levels, but
the addition of the attached gallery will also provide several further
opportunities for art students. They will be able to portray their work
there, be it what was produced inside or outside of the school. This
will provide income opportunities for the community through the
sale of their art works, or alternatively it will expose them to other
professional entities which may provide specialised future employment
opportunities. The same principles were considered by the inclusion
Melville Strip[ped] | 31
CHAPTER 07
RESIDENTIAL DENSIFICATION
Melville Strip[ped] | 32
The introduction of smaller scale residential opportunities was the
final component that was considered for this Research Report. The
aim was to include various types of apartments into the proposed
Mixed-Use development in 7th Street. The reasoning for this is that
the densification of the area is aimed at boosting the economy.
The more people who are able to live in the area and close to the
intervention the more successful it should be. This is due to urban
densification being one of the best methods to achieve successful and
sustainable developments (Barger, 2016). Residential developments
that follow a denser principle often result in its residents having
an improved quality of life, as they are often more affordable and
are housed within larger developments containing employment
opportunities and proximity to recreational spaces.
Densification is however quite a challenge in large urban areas, as
there is no space for further developments. The majority of suburbs
close to Johannesburg’s economic hubs such as the CBD and Sandton
are already completely developed (Fataar, n.d.), predominantly with
freestanding houses. South Africa as a whole has one of the
lowest density rates when compared to other middle-income
countries (Todes et al., 2018). As a result of this the only option for
densification, without spreading further into the outskirts of the city,
is to subdivide existing properties or to consolidate in certain areas.
This would be the case for the proposed intervention on 7th Street, as
four of Melville’s small properties, two currently zoned as Business 1,
one as Residential 1 and the last as Special (“GeoLIS,” 2023), would be
consolidated in order for the proposed mixed-use development to be
possible. It would also be ideal to keep the densification options of the
area located towards 7th Street (Teller, 2021), as this is already one
of the more popular attractions of the area. This will also ensure that
the remaineder of the suburb can remain as it is with freestanding
houses. There are several reasons why a residential component of the
proposed project would ensure the overall success of the intervention.
First of which would be Melville’s location within the greater
Johannesburg area, it is close to the city centre, as well as two major
Melville Strip[ped] | 33
affordable housing solution for the area. The two-bedroom units in
particular would also be beneficial for people who work from home as
the second room could easily be used as a home office. While there
will not be a large number of apartments in this development, the
inclusion of these, as well as the overall new proposed development,
aims to influence future developments that may take place along
Melville’s 7th Street, therefore increasing the number of smaller
residential units and business opportunities for those residents and
others living in the area.
universities and has easy access to major highways, making It an
ideal place to reside in (Teller, 2021). Furthermore, as it is a fairly
small suburb, it is also possible to walk to a large variety of different
facilities, such as shopping malls, Campus Square and Rand Steam
Mall are both within walking distance, while stores along 7th Street
and Main Road are equally close by. In addition to this access to
public transport is also an attractive feature as the Reya Vaya bus
and various taxi points are all within walkable proximity. This adds
a further bonus as there will most likely not be a major increase in
vehicular activity in regard to the residential additions.
The apartments were designed taking single individuals as well as
couples into consideration. Single professionals might want to reside
in this trendy neighbourhood but might not want the responsibility of
owning a freestanding home or might not have the financial resources
for this. The same can be said for targeted couples, as young or older
couples are often attracted to the area. The goal was to include one-
bedroom and two-bedroom apartments, which would be an
figure 9.5: Melville Attractions Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
500m1000m N
K e y
Site
27 Boxes
Saturday Farmers
Market
Milpark Hospital
WITS University
Campus Square
Shopping Center
UJ Campus
Westdene Dam
Empire Road
Marks Park Sports
Club
Barry Herzog Avenue
Kingsway Avenue
Bus Stop
Bus Routes
Taxi Points
Main Road / Beyers
Naude Drive
MELVILLE - ATTRACTIONS & MAJOR ROUTES
Figure 7.1 Melville Attractions Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
Melville Strip[ped] | 34
CHAPTER 08
SKETCH CHARRETTE
Melville Strip[ped] | 35
open
local
inv
iti
ng
transparent
so
ft
8.1 Collage
Fi
gu
re
8
.1
.1
S
ke
tc
h
Ch
ar
re
tte
-
Co
lla
ge
, b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Melville Strip[ped] | 36
8.2 3D Form Exploration
Form 1
creating a mass that has organic
properties
Form 2
introducing layering and a stepped
facade with screening
Form 3
splitting the mass to create spaces
The above three explorations all have qualitites that I think will create a successful building. The organic form, the
layering and the different spaces all play a vital role in creating a successful intervention, and all three of these
properties will be carried into the final design.
Figure 8.2.1 Massing, by Author 2023 Figure 8.2.2 Massing, by Author 2023 Figure 8.2.3 Massing, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 37
Form 4
indroducing different materials,
vertical planting & glazing in layers
Form 5
defining separated spaces with
materials (glazing & timber)
Form 6
changing proportions and exploring
light and angles
The introduction of glass alongside vertical planting is also a good exploration as Melville has very little vegetation,
and glass will allow transparancy between the more private spaces and the public road. A partially covered open
space with softer materials such as timber is also appealing while the more angular design of the last exploration
does not match the feel of the desired aesthetic.
Figure 8.2.4 Massing, by Author 2023 Figure 8.2.5 Massing, by Author 2023 Figure 8.2.6 Massing, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 38
8.3 Material Exploration
Material 1
facebrick in a stacked bond
Material 2
exploring feature bond type
Material 3
primary timber framed structure with
brick feature
Material 4
timber framed structure with timber
cladding
Material 5
light steel frame structure
Material 6
LSF structure with stacked stone
feature wall
Figure 8.3.1 Masonry exploration, by Author 2023
Figure 8.3.4 Timber exploration, by Author 2023
Figure 8.3.2 Masonry exploration, by Author 2023
Figure 8.3.5 Steel exploration, by Author 2023
Figure 8.3.3 Masonry & Timber exploration, by Author 2023
Figure 8.3.6 Stone & Steel exploration, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 39
Material 7
stone cladding instead of stone wall
Material 10
common concrete frame & brick infill
Material 8
combination of LSF, timber, stone & glass
Material 11
combination of concrete frame, brick &
LSF
Material 9
combination of LSF, timber, stone & glass
The final choice of materials is still
undecided, however the advantages of light
steel frame construction, such as reduced
weight and faster construction times, are
appealing. Additionally the use of stone
cladding (which has reduced weight as
apposed to a stone wall, will tie the building
back to the Melville Koppies were many
similar stones can be seen. Lastly some
timber cladding would soften the facade and
glass will provide transparancy between the
building and the street.
Figure 8.3.7 Stone & Steel exploration - by Author 2023
Figure 8.3.10 Concrete & brick exploration - by Author Figure 8.3.11 Concrete & brick exploration - by Author 2023
Figure 8.3.8 LSF, timber, stone & glass exploration - by
Author 2023
Figure 8.3.9 LSF, timber, stone & glass exploration - by
Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 40
morning
This site contains venues such as restaurants, coffee shops, retail stores and pubs, which means they will be used
throughout the day. It will therefore be vital that as much natural light as possible is allowed into the site.
The existing buildings on the site are only one storey high and therefore allow lots of light in. Neighbouring
buildings to the North-East and South-West of the site are three storeys high and show that there is still ample
sunlight reaching the site.
midday afternoon
8.4 Site
Figure 8.4.1 Site shading, by Author 2023 Figure 8.4.2 Site shading, by Author 2023 Figure 8.4.3 Site shading, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 41
m
or
ni
ng
th
re
e
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
m
id
da
y
th
re
e
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
af
te
rn
oo
n
th
re
e
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
The aim of this massing was to determine the size and number of
floors for the proposed new addition. When looking at the shading
created by this size and positioning, it became clear that three
storeys with a flat facade would create too much shade and would
create a valley like feel for pedestreians.
8.5 3D Building Exploration
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.1
S
ite
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.2
S
ite
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.3
S
ite
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Figure 8.5.4 Massing Sketch, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 42
m
or
ni
ng
tw
o
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
m
id
da
y
tw
o
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
af
te
rn
oo
n
tw
o
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
This massing still aims to determine the size and configuration of
the new addition. This study proves that a two storey addition works
much better, but that the rectangular form is still too intimidating
and angular, and creates an unpleasant feel for pedestrians.
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.5
S
ite
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.6
S
ite
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.7
S
ite
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Figure 8.5.8 Massing Sketch, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 43
m
or
ni
ng
tw
o
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
m
id
da
y
tw
o
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
af
te
rn
oo
n
tw
o
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
By cutting away at the corners of the massing, the additon was less
intimidating and appeared softer and more inviting, the same applies
to carving out a central portion from the facade of the western
additon. I also experimented with creating open central spaces within
the building by creating circular courtyards, which was more successful
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.9
S
ite
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.1
0
Si
te
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.1
1
Si
te
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Figure 8.5.12 Massing Sketch, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 44
m
or
ni
ng
tw
o
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
m
id
da
y
tw
o
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
af
te
rn
oo
n
tw
o
st
or
ey
a
dd
iti
on
This final exploration introduced some layering to the street facing
facade, the different floors were cut back and a thin, light roof
cantilevered above to create a feel of a floating roof. The entire
structure was also set further back to allow more natural light
into the street. This, however, highlighted that the flat back of the
building creates a problem as it does not tie the building back to the
neighborhood.
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.1
3
Si
te
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.1
4
Si
te
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Fi
gu
re
8
.5
.1
5
Si
te
M
as
sin
g,
b
y
Au
th
or
2
02
3
Figure 8.5.16 Massing Sketch, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 45
The above three perspective photographs provide a better view of the final model exploration. The stepped back
design of the addition creates a much better feel for pedestrians, and allows them to look up past the buildings,
instead of creating a “concrete valley”.
Figure 8.5.17 Site Massing, by Author 2023 Figure 8.5.18 Site Massing, by Author 2023 Figure 8.5.19 Site Massing, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 46
The above 1:100 sketches explored how an addition onto exisitng buildings could be achieved. The first explores an
independant concrete and masonry grid as the exisitng structure might not be able to support the additional weight, this
would allow the addition to be independantly supported. Following that, lighter systems of timber and steel framed structures
were explored, with steel being the chosen system. This is then combined with the use of stone, either as a stone wall which
would need to be supported from the ground up, or with stone cladding which is much lighter in weight and faster to apply.
8.6 Structure and Materials
Figure 8.6.1 Structure Sketch, by Author 2023 Figure 8.6.2 Structure Sketch, by Author 2023 Figure 8.6.3 Structure Sketch, by Author 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 47
CHAPTER 09
SITE ANALYSIS
Melville Strip[ped] | 48
50km100km
500m1000mNTS
JHB
SOUTH AFRICA JHB
MELVILLE
MELVILLE
SITE
N
NN
figure 9.1: South Africa Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author figure 9.3: Melville Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
figure 9.2: Johannesburg Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
SITE LOCATION
Melville Strip[ped] | 49
50m100m N
SITE
figure 9.4: Melville Site Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
MELVILLE - CHOSEN SITE
Melville Strip[ped] | 50
figure 9.5: Melville Attractions Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
500m1000m N
K e y
Site
27 Boxes
Saturday Farmers
Market
Milpark Hospital
WITS University
Campus Square
Shopping Center
UJ Campus
Westdene Dam
Empire Road
Marks Park Sports
Club
Barry Herzog Avenue
Kingsway Avenue
Bus Stop
Bus Routes
Taxi Points
Main Road / Beyers
Naude Drive
MELVILLE - ATTRACTIONS & MAJOR ROUTES
Melville Strip[ped] | 51
figure 9.6: Melville Zoning Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
50m100m N
K e y
MELVILLE - ZONING
Residential
Business
Parking
Special
SITE
Melville Strip[ped] | 52
figure 9.7: Melville Routes Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
K e y
MELVILLE - ROUTES
SITE
Major Pedestrian Routes
Major Taxi Routes
Major Uber/Cab Routes
Major Vehicular Routes
Common Taxi Stops
Common Uber/Cab
Stops
Common Parked
Vehicles
50m100m N
Quiet Areas
Melville Strip[ped] | 53
MELVILLE - HISTORIC CHANGES
figure 9.8: Melville Cnr 4th Ave & 7th Street ca. 1960
Johannesburg 1912(2013)
figure 9.9: Melville 7th Street between 3rd Ave & 4th Ave ca. 2012
Tripadvisor (2012)
figure 9.10: Melville 7th Street between 2nd Ave & 3rd Ave ca. 2005
GautengFilm (n.d)
figure 9.11: Melville Cnr 4th Ave & 7th Street 2023
By Author (2023)
figure 9.12: Melville 7th Street between 3rd Ave & 4th Ave 2023
By Author (2023)
figure 9.13: Melville 7th Street between 2nd Ave & 3rd Ave 2023
By Author (2023)
Melville Strip[ped] | 54
figure 9.14: Melville Usage Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
MELVILLE - USAGE CHANGES
50m100m N
SITESITE
K e y
Previously: Sport Club
Now: 27 Boxes / Retail
Previously: Retail Shops
Now: Pubs / Clubs
Previously: Residential
Now: SAPS Station
Previously: Retail /
Restaurant
Now: Vacant
Melville Strip[ped] | 55
figure 9.15: Melville Venues Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
MELVILLE - VENUES
50m100m N
SITESITE
K e y
27 Boxes
Retail & Restaurants
Pubs / Clubs
SAPS Station
Retail
Restaurants
Pharmacy
Residential
Vacant
People Activity
Melville Strip[ped] | 56
SITE
K e y
Site 3200m2
Roads
Sidewalks
0-3 m
3-4 m
10-12 m
figure 9.16: Site Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
25m50m N
Building Heights
Melville Strip[ped] | 57
SITE - VEGETATION
figure 9.17: Site Vegetation Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
N25m50m
K e y
0-3 m
3-6 m
6-12 m
Grass
Bare Area
Trees & Heights
Melville Strip[ped] | 58
N25m50m
K e y
Major Pedestrian Routes
Major Taxi Routes
Major Uber/Cab Routes
Major Vehicular Routes
Common Taxi Stops
Common Uber/Cab
Stops
Common Parked
Vehicles
SITE - ACTIVITY
Less Busy Areas
Least Busy Areas
Pedestrian Activity Day
Pedestrian Activity Night
figure 9.18: Site Activity Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
Melville Strip[ped] | 59
N12500mm25000mm
figure 9.19: Site Sidewalk Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
SITE - SIDEWALKS
K e y
Open Sidewalk - 2.4m
Covered Sidewalk - 2.4m
Pillar
figure 20: Sidewalk
By Author (2023)
figure 21: Sidewalk
By Author (2023)
figure 22: Sidewalk
By Author (2023)
U
nk
ep
t S
id
ew
al
k
La
rg
e,
u
ne
ve
n
St
ep
N
ar
ro
w
S
id
ew
al
k
SITE
High Curb
Unkept Bin
Melville Strip[ped] | 60
N
25m50m
K e y
1703 m
figure 9.23: Site Contour Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
1704 m
1705 m
SITE - CONTOURS
1706 m1707 m1708 m1709 m1710 m1711 m
Melville Strip[ped] | 61
N25m50m
figure 9.24: Site Building Use Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
SITE - BUILDING USES
K e y
Six Cocktail Bar
Liquid Blue Club
The Moral Kiosk Retail
Melville Convenient
Supermarket
Sips Restaurant
Dukes Burgers
Charity Store
Nkosibo Laundromat
Smokers Deli
IT Corner
Vacant
Melville Strip[ped] | 62
SITE - PHOTOS
Site Photo - South - 91 2nd Ave
figure 9.25: Site Photo, by Author (2023)
Site Photo - South - 89 2nd Ave
figure 9.26: Site Photo, by Author (2023)
Site Photo - West - 7th Street
figure 9.27: Site Photo, by Author (2023)
Site Photo - North - 92 3rd Ave
figure 9.31: Site Photo, by Author (2023)
Site Photo - North - 90 3rd Ave
figure 9.30: Site Photo, by Author (2023)
Site Photo - West - 7th Street
figure 9.29: Site Photo, by Author (2023)
Site Photo - West - 7th Street
figure 9.28: Site Photo, by Author (2023)
Melville Strip[ped] | 63
K e y
N25m50m
figure 9.31: Site Buildings Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
SITE - EXISTING BUILDINGS
Heritage Value - None
No Heritage Value
Structurally sound for
re-use
Not structurally sound
- None
Melville Strip[ped] | 64
N25m50m
K e y
Highly Shaded Areas
Storm Water Run-off
figure 9.32: Site Climate Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
SITE - CLIMATE
Most Sunny Areas
Ideal space for Planting
and Outdoor Spaces
Water Catchment
Opportunities
Melville Strip[ped] | 65
N25m50m
K e y
Primary Wind DIrection
Sun Path Summer
Sun Path Winter
figure 9.33: Site Climate Map (Google Earth, 2022), Edited by Author
SITE - CLIMATE
Possible Views
Ideal space Outdoor Spaces
Melville Strip[ped] | 66
FINDINGS
Taking all the findings from this analysis into consideration, it became
evident that the primary orientation and access to the site should
be along its western side, namely along 7th Street as this is the most
active side. This did not however, rue out the northern and southern
street edges, as these too experience foot traffic and general circula-
tion.
The views are to the northing creating ample opportunities for
primary spaces to be located along the northern side of the site. There
is also unobstructed access to northern natural lighting resulting in
the possibility to design a sustainable building. During this process
neighbouring properties to the East of the site had to be considered
to ensure that their natural light is not obstructed by the mass of the
proposed building.
Considering that the majority of spaces along the site are vacant, and
have no heritage value, the opportunity arose to demolish these
entirely and to start with a clean site.
The sidewalks along the site and 7th Street as a whole also had to be
considered as these were not adequately suited to its use. They were
too narrow for pedestrians to circulate comfortably. Furthermore, the
general aesthetic of the site had experienced several refurbishments,
which lost all senses of character and appeal. The greyscale colours
along the facades are oppressive and uninviting compared to the
colourful designs of the past.
The last matter that was looked at was that of vegetation, there is
very little greenery along the site which was a major concern and had
to be addressed in the proposed intervention.
Melville Strip[ped] | 67
CHAPTER 10
PRECEDENTS
Melville Strip[ped] | 68
The goal on Melville’s 7th Street is to create a School of Arts with
some accompanying venues. It is therefore crucial to understand
what is required to make the venues successful. As mentioned before,
the primary spaces within the school are a culinary school, and art
school as well as a fashion design school. The first project from which
important information was gained is the Institute for the Culinary
Arts designed by HDR Architecture. This school is located on the Fort
Omaha University Campus in Omaha, USA. The construction was
completed in 2009 and it began operations directly after this.
This particular project is a standalone building, comprising of around
3600m2 spread over two floors. The primary layout follows a similar
design as I intend to use, that being a combination of a publicly
accessible restaurant paired with the school. The restaurant is located
on the ground floor and can seat between 400 and 600 guests
(Garriott, 2010). Considering that a comfortable space for a person in
a restaurant is around 2m2 results in the restaurant being around
1200m2. This space makes up around 65% of the total required space
(Alberts, 2017), meaning the kitchen and service space would be
around 650m2. This gave me a good indication of the spaces that is
be required for my chosen design. The aim was to create a restaurant
for around 150 people, which work out to about a third of that at the
Institute for the Culinary Arts, meaning I required around
10.1 Institute for the Culinary Arts - HDR Architecture (2009)
Figure 10.1.1 Institute for the Culinary Arts (ArchDaily,2011)
Melville Strip[ped] | 69
450m2 in total for the restaurant portion that is be linked to the
culinary school.
A closer examination of the
second-floor plan of the Omaha
Institute for the Culinary Arts
gave clearer insights into
the layout and requirements
to create a professional and
successful teaching environment.
The total area of the teaching
space is around 1480m2 (HDR
Architecture, 2011), which caters
to nearly 600 students (Garriott, 2010). This is much larger than
what I was looking to include in my design. The cooking section of the
proposed School of Arts should cater to a maximum of 100 students
as it is aimed at creating a community intervention and will be focused
more on short courses rather than lengthy degrees. I therefore looked
at an educational space of around 450m2 which allowed me to create a
spacious and comfortable school.
Important venues that are included in the Institute for the Culinary
Arts are as follows (HDR Architecture, 2011).
Demonstration Lab: A common lecture venue with a
kitchen setup in front for demonstrations to a class.
2x Theory Labs: These are technical stations comprising of
workstations in which student gain hands-on experience.
Other spaces include common areas for casual interactions between
students and teachers as well as service spaces such as wash areas,
cold and dry food storage, and amenities.
Figure 10.1.2 Second Floor Plan (ArchDaily,
2011)
Melville Strip[ped] | 70
Some further design factors that HDR Architecture included revolve
around the materiality of their building. The use of glass allows
transparency into both the restaurant and the culinary school. This is
a similar design method I am considering allowing connection between
the restaurant and the school as well as connection to the public in 7th
Street. They also clad the building in copper panels which is a clever
link to the copper equipment that is used in a kitchen.
In addition to the above, there was a consideration to include
independent restaurants into the design intervention on the Melville
“Strip”, these would follow the same principles as the above-
mentioned restaurant space.
Figure 10.1.3 Institute for the Culinary Arts (ArchDaily, 2011) Sketch
Figure 10.1.4 Facility Ratio, By Author, 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 71
The second case study focused on the Art School component of my
intervention. To get a better understanding of the requirements and
components I looked at the Valladolid Art School, designed by Estudio
Primitivo Gonzales in Valladolid in the north-west of Spain. The school
opened its doors in 2022. The land on which the school was built
belonged to the neighbouring convent, which inspired the design which
revolves around two central courtyards, much like the convent. The
exterior of the building is built from dark face bricks, with very little
differentiation in the façade, creating a fairly blank shell.
The interior of the building, however, is the complete opposite. It is “a
bright interior […] devoted to creativity” (estudio Primitivo González,
2022). The omission of ceilings allows the spaces to have floor to clear
storey windows, following the line of ‘folded’ roof, resulting in bright,
naturally lit art studios. This is perhaps one of the most important
aspects of an art school, as many artists prefer to work in natural light.
Figure 10.2.1 External Facade Valladolid Art School (ArchDaily, 2023)
10.2 Valladolid Art School by Estudio Primitivo Gonzales (2022)
Melville Strip[ped] | 72
A further inspirational factor of this design was the layout and
relationship between studios or classrooms with circulation spaces as
well as the courtyards. Each space was carefully designed to allow for
human interaction and collaboration. The hallways as well as the
lobby serve as exhibition spaces as well and are therefore larger than
normal, while the lobby is also double volume.
This Art School is 6173m2 big (Estudio Primitivo González, 2023),
making it much larger than I required for my intervention on 7th
Street. The ground and first floor plans were very valuable in
determining the requirements for an art school. Estudio Primitivo
Gonzales incorporated eight large studios, along with five medium size
studios for smaller groups and a number of small spaces that focused
on individual work. Accompanying these spaces were some offices,
common areas as well as the required amenities. An additional space
that I had not previously thought to include was a library. This is an
excellent space to include as there is a lot of published art history
which is a vital component of a school teaching art.
Figure 10.2.2 First Floor Plan (ArchDaily,
Figure 10.2.3 Second Floor Plan (ArchDaily,
Melville Strip[ped] | 73
The above project was a great start when determining the
requirements, I wanted to implement in the Art School for 7th Street.
Similar to the culinary school, the art school is aimed at a community
intervention with relatively short-term courses instead of full-time
degrees. The space should serve a maximum of 100 people, separated
into different spaces. There will be one lecture type venue for classes,
as well as two studios for groups and the afore mentioned library. An
exploration determined that a studio space should average at around
3m2 per student, resulting in the studio spaces needing to be at least
120m2 including space for the instructor. Each studio also needs to be
accompanied by storage spaces for materials and equipment. The
lecture venue should be able to seat the entire class of 100 students
as well as any guests for events that are open to the public, meaning
the space should be around 200m2 and include seating for at least
150 people. The library space can be on the smaller side as it will be
mostly dedicated to art history. Around 80m2 should be allowed for
the library space. All of the above spaces should focus on the use of
natural light as is the case at the Valladolid Art School, and space
and volume will need to be carefully considered to create successful
spaces.
Figure 10.2.4 Section showing Natural Lighting, By Author, 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 74
A key component for this Art School is the addition of a gallery space.
This gallery space is aimed for public viewing as well as public pur-
chasing of art created in the school, as well as features of local artists.
An ideal gallery space should be open and airy with constant and
uniform lighting.
Figure 10.2.5 Courtyard Facade Valladolid Art School (ArchDaily, 2023)
Figure 1.2.6 Facility Ratio, By Author, 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 75
A major design consideration for the building in Melville is the
inclusion of residential units. The suburb largely comprises of houses,
which are too expensive for many, or carry too much responsibility.
There are very few apartments in the surrounding area, and I
therefore wanted to include smaller apartment units. These were to
be located within the same building to create the feeling of inclusion.
The idea was to create two or three floors of studio and two-bedroom
apartments with the addition of some ground floor retail spaces.
The local Axis Building in Cape Town, designed
by dhk Architects, provided some insights and
learnings into this hybrid type of building. The
project was completed in 2018 and contains
85 residential units as well as three large retail
spaces on the ground floor and two levels of
basement parking (dhk Architects, 2019). This
building is located within a large commercial
and residential development and therefore has
all four sides facing roadways. This is slightly different to the chosen
site in Melville that only borders three roads. It does however show
how the building was carefully designed on all four sides, eliminating
the common and unsightly back of a building which is often covered in
services.
This building, like the Valladolid Art School has a central courtyard
which allows lots of natural light into all of the apartments. This is
once again a very important aspect that I wanted to include in the
10.3 Axis Building by dhk Architects (2018)
Figure 10.3.1 Axis by dhk Architects (Gleich, 2019) Figure 10.3.2 Perspective of courtyard (Gleich, 2019), Edited by Author
Melville Strip[ped] | 76
very important consideration for the School of Arts
Precinct that I was designing, as there is no dedicated
parking within the vicinity. This brought forth the
consideration for underground parking on the two
rear properties, as the existing small structures will
need to be demolished, creating the opportunity to
create underground parking.
Following this level is the raised public forecourt. This
creates the afore mentioned threshold between the
public spaces of the Century City compound and the
semi-public retail spaces and the private apartment
access lobby. The retail spaces are split across three
areas, each of them facing the central courtyard as
well as one of the two forecourts and a road front,
ensuring maximum interaction with the public.
The apartments span across ten floors, making it
much larger than what is desired for the site in
intervention. Furthermore this precedent
displays an excellent example of how a mixed
use apartment building can successfully
fit into the urban context “by creating a
series of public, semi-public and private
spaces and urban courts - challenging ideas
associated with apartment living” (“Axis
Building / dhk Architects,” 2019). The urban
courts in particular proved to be a necessary
requirement within my own design as it
provides the vital threshold between the
public and the building itself. This will be
a consideration not only for my apartment
component, but the overall project.
The Axis building covers a total of thirteen
floors, starting with two basement parking
levels, the higher level being more of a semi
basement. This, once again, proved to be a
Figure 10.3.3 Axis Ground Floor Plan (ArchDaily,2019)
Figure 10.3.4 Axis First Floor Plan (ArchDaily,2019)
Melville Strip[ped] | 77
Melville. The way in which the floors reduce as the level increases,
is however a great design decision to ensure maximum amounts of
sunlight getting into the central courtyard and therefore getting into
the rear sides of the apartments. The majority of the apartments
are either one- or two-bedroom apartments. I wanted to include a
mix of studio and two-bedroom apartments, which would also be
smaller than those in the Axis, as those are luxury apartments and not
smaller, more affordable housing solutions.
Figure 10.3.6 Facility Ratio, By Author, 2023
Figure 10.3.5 Axis Section, By Author, 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 78
CHAPTER 11
DESIGN AND PROGRAMME
Melville Strip[ped] | 79
As has been described in this report, the aim of this research is to
design a mixed-use development. These types of developments are
becoming increasingly popular around the world as they promote
people’s desire to fit into their neighbourhood and give them the
feeling as though they belong (Wardner, 2014). The proposed
development therefore contains a School of Art facility to rejuvenate
Melville’s 7th Street, or “The Strip” as it is known. The proposed
intervention is to contain three major components, firstly the School
of Art, secondly a retail component, and lastly some residential units in
the form of apartments.
The School of Art will house facilities for a Culinary School and an Art
School. These form part of one facility and will need a shared lobby as
well as their own ablution and services. As this school is aimed at short
term courses, it does not have to be too large, as it must not cover too
much of the site. It will also need to be joined with supporting venues
such as a Restaurant and an Art Gallery respectively.
The remaineder of the retail spaces serve to provide business
opportunities for local residents or investors. There should be several
stores that can be adapted and used for a variety of different uses.
These stores should contain the necessary services such as storage
spaces and ablutions for staff.
The apartments should be located on the first floor and above, to
ensure privacy from the road and the public spaces on the ground
floor. The apartments should vary between one- and two-bedroom
apartments that focus on natural light and ventilation. The Apartments
are a vital part of the design as there are very few small housing
opportunities within the greater suburb and will provide a greater
variety of housing options for potential resident which will further
serve to the success of the proposed intervention. The aforementioned
retail spaces should be on the ground floor below. These are to be
generic to encourage any type of local business to occupy them.
Some major considerations that need to be included in all of the
11.1 Design Brief
Melville Strip[ped] | 80
successful component of the site and should therefore be maintained
and carefully incorporated into the proposed intervention. Although it
is cakked a bar, the restaurant is open during th eday as well catering
for breakfast and lunch guests, insuring that the space will not be
closed up during the day when the rest of the intervention is a hive of
activity.
Figure 11.1.1 highlights the
importance of the above
mentioned design principles.
These are to be the driving
factors when it comes to the
design of the development
and need to work in relation
to ensure a successful
building.
design components are the use of ample natural lighting and the
inclusion of vegetation. This is to ensure the site does not come across
as a hard surfaced mass. Additionally, natural light and vegetation
will reduce the number of mechanical services required. Vegetation
in particular assists in the cooling of the site as well as creating more
comfortable areas for visitors, as soft, landscaped spaces are more
inviting.
The design of the proposed structure needs to be carefully considered
and compliment both the site itself as well as the contextual
conditions that have been highlighted in the analysis focusing on
the site. It is vital that pedestrians in particular are well catered for
and that any future developments within the road can be tied into a
greater 7th Street development plan.
A final consideration is the inclusion of the Six Cocktail Bar restaurant
that is currently on the corner of 7th Street and 3rd Avenue. This is a Figure 11.1.1 Design Principles - by Author, 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 81
11.2 Programme
Formation of buildings
around sunlight and views.
Central courtyard with access
points along North, South
and West.
Vegetation clusters for
shading, cooling, and air
purification.
Figure 11.2.1 Programming diagram -
by Author, 2023
Figure 11.2.2 Programming diagram -
by Author, 2023
Figure 11.2.3 Programming diagram -
by Author, 2023
Figure 11.2.4 Programming diagram - by Author, 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 82
Area Schedule:
This area schedule was the starting
point for all venues to be included in
the intervention on 7th Street. The site
is approximately 3000m2 in size. The
most common Floor Area Ratio (F.A.R)
in the area is 1.2 resulting in the
maximum building size being 3600m2.
The inclusion of open spaces and a
courtyard means the maximum desired
coverage was to be 1500m2, or 50%.
The basement should contain one level
for parking that serves the residents,
staff as well as the public.. The total
height of the building should not be
more than three storeys.
5
Area Schedule:
This area schedule was the starting point for
all venues to be included in the intervention
on 7th Street. The site is approximately
3000m2 in size. The most common Floor
Area Ratio (F.A.R) in the area is 1.2 resulting
in the maximum building size being 3600m2.
The inclusion of open spaces and a
courtyard means the maximum desired
coverage was to be 1500m2, or 50%. The
basement should contain one level for
parking that serves the residents, staff as
well as the public.. The total height of the
building should not be more than three
storeys.
Programme Occupation Quantity Area m2 Area Total
m2
Programme Total Area
m2
Culinary School – 50 People
Restaurant 150 people 1 200+180
570
1080
Kitchen 1 140
Storage 1 50
Demonstration Lab 60 ppl 1 100
510
Theory Lab 25 ppl 2 110
Common Space 1 80
Cold Storage 2 10
Dry Storage 2 10
Wash Station 2 25
Office 1 20
Art School – 50 People
Gallery 1 150 200
650 Storeroom 1 50
Studio 25 ppl 2 100
450
Lecture Venue 60 ppl 1 100
Library 1 80
Circulation / Display Areas 1 50
Office 1 20
Apartments
Circulation 1 150
1040
One-Bedroom Apartments 5 55
Two-Bedroom Apartments – Large 2 80
Two-Bedroom Apartments - Small 7 65
Retail
Retail + Storage 6 65 390
800 Exist. Restaurant (6 Cocktail Bar) +
Kitchen 1 410
Basement Parking
Staff and Residential As per
SANS 1 1500 1500
Total 5070
Melville Strip[ped] | 83
CHAPTER 12
VIABILITY ANALYSIS
Melville Strip[ped] | 84
4. Development Planning
5. Economic Analysis
TOWN PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS
The chosen erven are 154 and 155 (89 and 91 2nd Avenue), and 245
and 246 (90 and 92 3rd Avenue). Erven 155 and 245, along 7th Street,
are zoned as Business 1, while the remaining two erven are zoned as
Special (erf 246) and Residential 1.
According to the “City of Johannesburg Land Use Scheme of 2018”
zoning Business one allows the following establishments:
The proposed intervention is a mixed-use development which will
house a School of Arts comprising of an art school and a culinary
school. These two programmes will be accompanied by supporting
establishments. A restaurant will work in conjunction with the culinary
school, while an art gallery will be paired with the art school. The
apartments that are included in the development aim to target a
different part of the general public, for which there are currently no
housing opportunities in Melville.
The goal is to create a mixed-use development that not only aims to
bring the community back together, but to also create an economically
sustainable development that can boost the income of local residents;
therefore, the feasibility and viability of this project will be examined
in the following sections:
1. Town Planning Considerations
2. Design and Technical Considerations
3. Financial Considerations
Figure 12.1 Site Map - By
Author, 2023
Melville Strip[ped] | 85
Business purposes, shops, residential buildings, place of
instruction, social halls, restaurant, car sales lot, motor
showrooms, showrooms. offices, public or private parking area,
institutions, religious purposes, dwelling units, warehouse
The uses required for the proposed mixed-use intervention are:
Shops, dwelling units, places of instruction and restaurant
In order for erven 154 and 246 to be re-zoned several steps need
to be taken. To initiate a rezoning process, first, arrange a meeting
with a Town Planner for guidance and a quotation. Then, submit a
Rezoning application (Form 3) detailing the owner, current zoning, and
desired rezoning, with fees of R 6,215.00 per erf. Following application
completion, the zoning change will be advertised, and neighbours
notified. The Town Planner will coordinate internal council approvals.
If there are no objections, the approval typically takes six months,
during which no on-site work can occur. they have any qualities that
After this step the properties will need to be consolidated to form
one new erf. To initiate a property consolidation process, first, arrange
a meeting with a Town Planner for guidance and a quotation. Then,
submit a Consolidation application (Form 5), detailing the owner and
the properties to be merged, with fees of R 449.00. The approval
process considers urban planning schemes and takes several months.
Once approval is granted, a registered Land Surveyor will survey the
land and create a new Surveyor General (SG) Diagram for approval at
the SG office. If the SG Diagram is approved, Conveyancing attorneys
will proceed to register a new Title Deed for the consolidated
property.
As Melville is one of the older suburbs within Johannesburg the
chosen properties therefore fall under Heritage Legislation. The four
buildings are older than 60 years and therefore require heritage or
PHRA-G approval. This approval process aims to protect cultural and
historical sites for future generations. While it is still unclear if these
buildings were designed by any famous architects, it is unlikely that
Melville Strip[ped] | 86
It can be assumed that this process would take between 1 and 6
months, which is a necessary step if any changes to the site are to be
done.
DESIGN AND TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS
While the design of the proposed intervention has not yet been
finalised, the goal is to construct the new development using a
combination of brick and concrete in conjunction with timber and
natural stone cladding.
To minimize costs, the construction will primarily utilize masonry
and concrete, readily available in Johannesburg without the need
for specialized labour or training. This common building method
offers opportunities to compare materials from various vendors for
cost-effective supply and delivery rates. Stone cladding, another
component of the project, won’t be problematic either, as the local
area boasts skilled workers experienced in working with stone due to
require preservation as they have been changed multiple times since
they were built. Nonetheless, a PHRA-G application is still required
following this process:
1. Complete PHRA-G application form.
2. Provide a copy of the original building plans if available.
3. Locality plan of the structure in relation to surroundings.
4. Site Development Plan (SDP) of any proposed new structures.
5. History of the structure: includes architectural, history and previous,
ownership details.
6. Coloured photographs with descriptive caption of all elevations of the
structure in its present form and context adjacent houses in the area,
street- scape
7. proof of the notice calling for comments from interested or affected
parties.
8. In the event of proposed alteration or partial demolition, three sets of
drawings, one of which must be coloured up to show the proposed work
/ restoration details
(Provincial Heritage Resources Authority –Gauteng)
Melville Strip[ped] | 87
the prevalence of stone walls and cladding in neighbouring properties.
The plan involves sourcing rocks from the residential properties’
grounds and purchasing additional materials from vendors.
Other considerations are power and water, which are currently
available from site. There is also easy access to the site from all
surrounding direction, and the site has three road fronts making
deliveries easy. The site can also be hoarded off to ensure materials
and equipment stay safe. Being next to a residential area there will
be a certain amount of noise and construction dirt, which will mean
construction can only take place during allowed working hours: 06h00
to 18h00 on weekdays and 06h00 to 17h00 on Saturdays.
FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS
The most detailed and efficient method for costing proposed
additions and alterations is a Bill of Quantities (BOQ), encompassing
all financial aspects required for the development, excluding land
costs. The BOQ starts with a list of drawings used for costing and
initial cost items like toilet hire and insurance. The subsequent
sections break down construction costs, including demolition,
earthworks, concrete work, masonry, and more. Some sections may
involve subcontractors, with provisional costs until detailed qu