Browsing by Author "Nicole Wolter"
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Item Association of HIV Exposure and HIV Infection With Inhospital Mortality Among Hospitalized Infants 1 Year of Age South Africa 20162018Nicole Wolter; Sibongile Walaza; C von Mollendorf; Anne Von Gottberg; S Tempia; M McMorrow; Jocelyn Moyes; Florette Treurnicht; Orienka Hellferscee; Malefu Moleleki; Mvuyo Makhasi; N Baute; Cheryl CohenItem Changes in the global hospitalisation burden of respiratory syncytial virus in young children during the COVID19 pandemic a systematic analysis(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC) Cheryl Cohen; Harish Nair; Nicole Wolter; D Nokes; D Ploin; Q Huang; T Heikkinen; R Singleton; E "et al"Item Characteristics of infections with ancestral Beta and Delta variants of SARSCoV2 in the PHIRSTC community cohort study South Africa 20202021(BIOMED CENTRAL LTD) Cheryl Cohen; Jacoba Kleynhans; Anne Von Gottberg; M McMorrow; Nicole Wolter; Jinal Bhiman; Jocelyn Moyes; Maimuna Carrim; A Buys; Neil Martinson; Stephen Tollman; Limakatso Lebina; Floidy Wafawanaka; Jaques Du Toit; Francesc Gomez-Olive Casas; F Dawood; T Mkhencele; Stefano TempiaItem Characteristics of infections with ancestral Beta and Delta variants of SARSCoV2 in the PHIRSTC community cohort study South Africa20202021(BIOMED CENTRAL LTD) Cheryl Cohen; Jacoba Kleynhans; Anne Von Gottberg; M McMorrow; Nicole Wolter; Jinal Bhiman; Jocelyn Moyes; Mignonette Du Plessis; Maimuna Carrim; A Buys; Neil Martinson; Kathleen Kahn; Stephen Tollman; Limakatso Lebina; Floidy Wafawanaka; F Dawood; T Mkhencele; Stefano TempiaItem Comparing adults with severe SARSCoV2 or influenza infection South Africa 20162021F Els; Jacoba Kleynhans; Nicole Wolter; Mignonette Du Plessis; Fahima Moosa; Stefano Tempia; M Makhasi; Jeremy Nel; H Dawood; S Meiring; Anne Von Gottberg; Cheryl Cohen; Sibongile WalazaItem COVID19 Vaccine Uptake and Effectiveness by Time since Vaccination in the Western Cape Province South Africa An Observational Cohort Study during 20202022R Kassanjee; M Davies; A Heekes; H Mahomed; A Hawkridge; Cheryl Cohen; Nicole Wolter; Sibongile Walaza; Anne Von Gottberg; E "et al"Item Detection of Victoria lineage influenza B viruses with K162 and N163 deletions in the hemagglutinin gene South Africa 2018Orienka Hellferscee; Florette Treurnicht; Lucinda Gaelejwe; aLEXANDRA mOERDYK; Gary Reubenson; Meredith McMorrow; Stefano Tempia; Johanna McAnerney; Sibongile Walaza; Nicole Wolter; Anne Von Gottberg; Cheryl CohenItem Epidemiology of Pertussis in Individuals of All Ages Hospitalized With Respiratory Illness in South Africa January 2013December 2018Nicole Wolter; Cheryl Cohen; Stefano Tempia; Sibongile Walaza; Fahima Moosa; Mignonette Du Plessis; Meredith L McMorrow; Florette Treurnicht; Orienka Hellferscee; Halima Dawood; Ebrahim Variava; Anne Von GottbergItem Estimating household contact matrices structure from easily collectable metadata(PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE) L Amico; Jacoba Kleynhans; L Gauvin; M Tizzoni; L Ozella; Nicole Wolter; Cheryl Cohen; Stefano Tempia; E "et al"Item Estimating the contribution of HIV-infected adults to household pneumococcal transmission in South Africa, 2016–2018: A hidden Markov modelling study(2021-12-23) Deus Thindwa; Nicole Wolter; Amy Pinsent; Maimuna CarrimI; John Ojal; Stefano Tempia; Jocelyn Moyes; Meredith McMorrow; Jackie Kleynhans; Anne von Gottberg; Neil French; PHIRST group; Cheryl Cohen; Stefan FlascheHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected adults are at a higher risk of pneumococcal colonisation and disease, even while receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). To help evaluate potential indirect effects of vaccination of HIV-infected adults, we assessed whether HIV-infected adults disproportionately contribute to household transmission of pneumococci. We constructed a hidden Markov model to capture the dynamics of pneumococcal carriage acquisition and clearance observed during a longitudinal household-based nasopharyngeal swabbing study, while accounting for sample misclassifications. Households were followed-up twice weekly for approximately 10 months each year during a three-year study period for nasopharyngeal carriage detection via real-time PCR. We estimated the effect of participant’s age, HIV status, presence of a HIV-infected adult within the household and other covariates on pneumococcal acquisition and clearance probabilities. Of 1,684 individuals enrolled, 279 (16.6%) were younger children (<5 years-old) of whom 4 (1.5%) were HIV-infected and 726 (43.1%) were adults (�18 years-old) of whom 214 (30.4%) were HIV-infected, most (173, 81.2%) with high CD4+ count. The observed range of pneumococcal carriage prevalence across visits was substantially higher in younger children (56.9– 80.5%) than older children (5–17 years-old) (31.7–50.0%) or adults (11.5–23.5%). We estimate that 14.4% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 13.7–15.0) of pneumococcal-negative swabs were false negatives. Daily carriage acquisition probabilities among HIV-uninfected younger children were similar in households with and without HIV-infected adults (hazard ratio: 0.95, 95%CI: 0.91–1.01). Longer average carriage duration (11.4 days, 95%CI: 10.2– 12.8 vs 6.0 days, 95%CI: 5.6–6.3) and higher median carriage density (622 genome equivalents per millilitre, 95%CI: 507–714 vs 389, 95%CI: 311.1–435.5) were estimated in HIVinfected vs HIV-uninfected adults. The use of ART and antibiotics substantially reduced carriage duration in all age groups, and acquisition rates increased with household size. Although South African HIV-infected adults on ART have longer carriage duration and density than their HIV-uninfected counterparts, they show similar patterns of pneumococcal acquisition and onward transmission.Item Estimation of vaccine effectiveness against SARSCoV2associated hospitalization using sentinel surveillance in South AfricaN Chiwandire; Sibongile Walaza; Anne Von Gottberg; Nicole Wolter; Mignonette Du Plessis; Fahima Moosa; Michelle Groome; Jeremy Nel; Ebrahim Variava; H Dawood; Mvuyo Makhasi; L R Feldstein; P Marcenac; E et al; Cheryl CohenItem Evolution and neutralization escape of the SARSCoV2 BA286 subvariant(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP) K Khan; G Lustig; Cornelius Romer; K Reedoy; Anne Von Gottberg; Nicole Wolter; E etalItem Genomic characterization of Bordetella pertussis in South Africa 20152019Fahima Moosa; Mignonette Du Plessis; M.R Weigand; Y Peng; D Mogale; L de Gouveia; Martha Nunes; Shabir Madhi; E et al; Gary Reubenson; Cheryl Cohen; Sibongile Walaza; Anne Von Gottberg; Nicole WolterItem Household Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 From Adult Index Cases With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus in South Africa 20202021 A CaseAscertained Prospective Observational Household Transmission Study(OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC) Jacoba Kleynhans; Sibongile Walaza; Neil Martinson; M Neti; Anne Von Gottberg; Jinal Bhiman; D Toi; D G Amoako; A Buys; Nicole Wolter; Limakatso Lebina; Lucia Maloma; Stefano Tempia; Cheryl Cohen; E et alItem Human respiratory syncytial virus diversity and epidemiology among patients hospitalized with severe respiratory illness in South Africa, 2012–2015(2015) Ziyaad Valley-Omar; Stefano Tempia; Orienka Hellferscee; Sibongile Walaza; Ebrahim Variava6; Halima Dawood; Kathleen Kahn; Meredith McMorrow; Marthi Pretorius; Senzo Mtshali; Ernest Mamorobela; Nicole Wolter; Marietjie Venter; Anne von Gottberg; Cheryl Cohen; Florette K. TreurnichtBackground: We aimed to describe the prevalence of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and evaluate associations between HRSV subgroups and/or genotypes and epidemiologic characteristics and clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with severe respiratory illness (SRI). Methods: Between January 2012 and December 2015, we enrolled patients of all ages admitted to two South African hospitals with SRI in prospective hospital-based syndromic surveillance. We collected respiratory specimens and clinical and epidemiological data. Unconditional random effect multivariable logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with HRSV infection. Results: HRSV was detected in 11.2% (772/6908) of enrolled patients of which 47.0% (363/772) were under the age of 6 months. There were no differences in clinical outcomes of HRSV subgroup A-infected patients compared with HRSV subgroup B-infected patients but among patients aged <5 years, children with HRSV subgroup A were more likely be coinfected with Streptococcus pneumoniae (23/208 11.0% vs. 2/90, 2.0%; adjusted odds ratio 5.7). No significant associations of HRSV A genotypes NA1 and ON1 with specific clinical outcomes were observed. Conclusions: While HRSV subgroup and genotype dominance shifted between seasons, we showed similar genotype diversity as noted worldwide. We found no association between clinical outcomes and HRSV subgroups or genotypes.Item Impact of Subgroup Distribution on Seasonality of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus A Global Systematic Analysis(OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC) Cheryl Cohen; Nicole Wolter; Harish Nair; S Deng; A Meijer; A Teirlinck; M Booven; E et alItem The impact of the SARSCoV2 pandemic on global influenza surveillance Insights from 18 National Centers based on a survey conducted between November 2021 and March 2022(WILEY-BLACKWELL) L Staadegaard; Marco Del Riccio; Sytske Wiegersma; Clotilde EI Guerche-Seblain; Nicole Wolter; E etalItem Incidence and Transmission Dynamics of Bordetella pertussis Infection in Rural and Urban Communities, South Africa, 2016-2018(CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL) Fahima Moosa; Stefano Tempia; Jacoba Kleynhans; M McMorrow; Jocelyn Moyes; Mignonette Du Plessis; Maimuna Carrim; Florette Treurnicht; Orienka Hellferscee; T Mkhencele; A Mathunjwa; Neil Martinson; Kathleen Kahn; Limakatso Lebina; Floidy Wafawanaka; Cheryl Cohen; Anne Von Gottberg; Nicole WolterItem Incidence and Transmission Dynamics of Bordetella pertussis Infection in Rural and Urban Communities, South Africa, 2016‒2018(2023-02-02) Fahima Moosa; Stefano Tempia; Jackie Kleynhans; Meredith McMorrow; Jocelyn Moyes; Mignon du Plessis; Maimuna Carrim; Florette K. Treurnicht; Orienka Helfersee; Thulisa Mkhencele; Azwifarwi Mathunjwa; Neil A. Martinson; Kathleen Kahn; Limakatso Lebina; Floidy Wafawanaka; Cheryl Cohen; Anne von Gottberg; Nicole WolterWe conducted 3 prospective cohort studies (2016–2018), enrolling persons from 2 communities in South Africa. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were collected twice a week from participants. Factors associated with Bordetella pertussis incidence, episode duration, and household transmission were determined by using Poisson regression, Weibull accelerated time-failure, and logistic regression hierarchical models, respectively. Among 1,684 participants, 118 episodes of infection were detected in 107 participants (incidence 0.21, 95% CI 0.17–0.25 infections/100 person-weeks). Children <5 years of age who had incomplete vaccination were more likely to have pertussis infection. Episode duration was longer for participants who had higher bacterial loads. Transmission was more likely to occur from male index case-patients and persons who had >7 days infection duration. In both communities, there was high incidence of B. pertussis infection and most cases were colonized.Item Incidence and transmission of respiratory syncytial virus in urban and rural South Africa 20172018(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP) Cheryl Cohen; J Kleynhans; Jocelyn Moyes; Florette Treurnicht; Orienka Hellferscee; Nicole Wolter; Neil Martinson; Kathleen Kahn; Limakatso Lebina; K Mothlaoleng; Floidy Wafawanaka; Francesc Gomez-Olive Casas; Maimuna Carrim; Anne Von Gottberg; Stefano Tempia; M McMorrow; T Mkhencele; E et al