School of Social Sciences (ETDs)

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Browsing School of Social Sciences (ETDs) by Author "Brown, Julian"

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    South Africa's State Capture Architecture: A critique of 'State Capture' and Development in 21st Century Post­ Apartheid South Africa, using the Estina Vrede Dairy Farm Project as a case study
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023-07) Mfikili, Khanya Lulibo; Brown, Julian
    State Capture can be described as corruption on a macro-level, reaching unheard and unseen of levels involving the state, state organs and private business. It has been described as the erosion of democratic processes and a 'coup d'etat'1 of some sorts of the state and its functions-functions affected are mainly empowerment, development, fiscal responsibility and transparency-turning the state 'into a shadow state'. The recent uncovering of "state capture" at different levels of government in South Africa required an analysis of the relationship between 'state capture' and development in South Africa. In this paper, this will be achieved by looking at the Free State Estina Dairy Farm Project (EVDF Project) as a unit of analysis. Four research questions around this dairy farm project will be explored, to ultimately answer the overall question: What is the relationship between development and 'state capture' in 21st Century Post-Apartheid South Africa? An extensive literature review will be done in Chapter Two looking at the history of agricultural projects, illegal financial flows (IFFs) and state capture in South Africa, in the African region and internationally. This research is qualitative in nature, utilizing a case study method. Information used was publically available sources of information, with the testimonies and evidence in the Zonda Commission Reports forming a bulk of the data analyzed. The findings and policy implications in the last chapter informed possible future studies, centered on my research. One possible future study would be a look at the role of IFFs in rural development in (South) Africa.
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    The Moral and Legal Debates of Sexual Surrogacy Therapy in South Africa: Intimacy and Care
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023-10) Khutsoane, Keabetswe Brooke; Schuhmann, Antjie; Brown, Julian; Hassim, Shireen
    The decriminalisation of sex work in South Africa is a highly controversial issue that has caused a great deal of debate in recent years. This study presents a survey of the possibilities of legalising sexual surrogacy therapy as a therapeutic option for gender and sexual minorities, particularly for people living with disabilities and those who have undergone gender affirming surgery. It investigates the potential benefits and drawbacks of a legalised system and whether certain regulations should be implemented in order to protect those involved. A survey of how sexual surrogacy therapy as a therapeutic option is shaped in terms of South Africa’s legal and political frameworks while considering socio-political implications. The study reviews existing literature to demonstrate the need for a legal and ethical consideration of sexual surrogacy therapy in South Africa’s healthcare system to address sexual exclusion and health inequalities. To do this, I outline the value of sex and argue that sex is an essential and fundamental aspect of a flourishing human life. I then bring attention to the necessity for the socialisation and institutionalisation of sexual surrogacy therapy through a discussion on sexual justice; sexual autonomy; and the rights and sexual citizenship of gender and sexual minorities. While this is not a study on the legal status of sex work in South Africa, I perform a constitutional test of Section 9 and 10 of the South African Constitution, 1996 and the Sexual Offences and Related Matters: Act No. 32 of 2007 with reference to the Sexual Offences Act 23 of 1957, to determine the legal grounds and limitations of the current laws around sex work towards a discussion on the feasibility of sexual surrogacy therapy in contemporary South Africa’s healthcare system. Finally, I conclude that the transformation of social attitudes towards sex and sex work is necessary and important for ensuring due process for sexual justice in South Africa.